Lab 11: Manage VM lifecycle, size, disks, and host encryption¶

Previous: Lab 10 · Catalog · Next: Lab 12

This self-contained lab uses Azure CLI commands hosted in PowerShell. Complete the guided lane or the automated lane—not both with the same run ID.

Scenario, role, and outcome¶

Scenario: You are a compute administrator maintaining a secured linux vm. Build and prove this disposable service path: A private NIC connects the VM to its workload subnet; the VM security profile enables encryption at host, the managed data disk attaches at a declared LUN, and resize operations flow through deallocation before instance-view validation.

Learner role: A compute administrator maintaining a secured Linux VM.

Outcome: Use Azure CLI in PowerShell to create the private-nic vm with encryption at host, attach and verify the managed data disk, and reconcile vm size, disks, host encryption, and private exposure, with recoverable state and deterministic cleanup.

Item	Value
Duration	120 minutes
Difficulty	applied
Cost class	`moderate`
Command surface	Azure CLI (`az`, `az rest`, Bicep, AzCopy, or KQL where required) hosted in PowerShell
Live state	Not executed during this offline rebuild

Completion criteria:

All required checkpoints report pass.
The deterministic break/fix is injected, diagnosed, and repaired.
cleanup.json reports no active run-owned resources, with any retained item explicitly documented.

LAB-11 five-checkpoint roadmap: Manage VM lifecycle, size, disks, and host encryption — Five learning checkpoints in task order. These arrows show the exercise sequence; see the architecture figure for service connections. Open at full size.

Objectives and checkpoints¶

Objective	Skill	Checkpoints
`CP-VM-01`	Create a virtual machine	`LAB11-CP01`, `LAB11-CP05`
`CP-VM-02`	Configure encryption at host for Azure virtual machines	`LAB11-CP02`, `LAB11-CP05`
`CP-VM-04`	Manage virtual machine sizes	`LAB11-CP03`, `LAB11-CP05`
`CP-VM-05`	Manage virtual machine disks	`LAB11-CP04`, `LAB11-CP05`

The authoritative objective wording comes from the Microsoft AZ-104 study guide, skills measured as of 2026-04-17.

Architecture and service topology¶

LAB-11: Manage VM lifecycle, size, disks, and host encryption; service topology and connections — Manage VM lifecycle, size, disks, and host encryption — topology for this lab. Open at full size.

The editable source is architecture.mmd. A private NIC connects the VM to its workload subnet; the VM security profile enables encryption at host, the managed data disk attaches at a declared LUN, and resize operations flow through deallocation before instance-view validation.

Concept primer and design decisions¶

VM size changes can require deallocation; data disks have an independent lifecycle; encryption at host depends on subscription feature registration and VM-size support. Recording exact disk and VM IDs makes recovery from partial work deterministic.

Design decisions:

Do not expose an inbound management port.
Verify host-encryption support before enabling it.
Detach and reattach by exact managed-disk ID.

Required and optional inputs¶

Input	Required	Source	Safe example	Gate behavior
`run-id` — Unique lowercase run ownership identifier	Yes	parameter	`az104l11-01`	`block`
`subscription-id` — Expected disposable subscription ID	Yes	parameter-or-environment (`AZ104_SUBSCRIPTION_ID`)	`00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000`	`block`
`location` — Approved primary Azure region	Yes	parameter-or-environment (`AZ104_LOCATION`)	`westeurope`	`block`

Secrets stay in temporary environment variables and are never written to run.json, validation evidence, or Git. A skip-checkpoint gate produces a visible partial result; it never becomes a pass.

Read-only preflight¶

Readiness, preview, explicit execution, and result validation — Follow the read-only checks and execution gates defined by this lab. A failed required gate blocks progress. Open at full size.

Sign in deliberately, inspect the active context, then run the lab preflight. It never signs in, changes context, installs an extension, registers a provider, or creates a resource.

az login
az account show --query '{cloud:environmentName,subscription:id,tenant:tenantId,user:user.name}' --output json
./scripts/cli/Preflight.ps1 -SubscriptionId $env:AZ104_SUBSCRIPTION_ID -RunId 'az104l11-01' -Location 'westeurope'

Representative redacted output:

context                 True  cloud=AzureCloud; tenant=<redacted>; subscription=<redacted>
azure-cli               True  2.88.x
provider:<namespace>    True  Registered
region                  True  westeurope
Preflight passed. It performed no Azure mutation.

If a required row fails, stop. Correct the local tool, context, provider, quota, SKU, region, permission, or input outside the lab, then rerun preflight.

Task 1 — Verify VM SKU and encryption-at-host capability¶

Checkpoint: LAB11-CP01

Purpose and operational relevance: Read the provider, region, SKU, feature, quota, and companion-tool signals needed for verify vm sku and encryption-at-host capability, without changing Azure state. The change is unsafe when encryption at host is not exposed by every VM size, subscription, or region even when the size name appears. This checkpoint therefore proves: Standard_B1s is unrestricted in the selected region and its capability inventory explicitly supports EncryptionAtHost.

Run these commands from PowerShell. If you already used the automated lane, choose a new run ID before trying this guided lane.

az provider show --namespace Microsoft.Compute --query registrationState --output tsv
az vm list-skus --location $Location --size Standard_B2s --all --query '[?restrictions==null || length(restrictions)==`0`].name' --output tsv
if (-not (Get-Command ssh-keygen -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) { throw 'ssh-keygen is required to create the disposable key in the run state directory.' }

Expected state: Standard_B1s is unrestricted in the selected region and its capability inventory explicitly supports EncryptionAtHost.

Representative redacted output:

Standard_B1s is unrestricted in the selected region and its capability inventory explicitly supports EncryptionAtHost.

Positive validation:

$registration = az provider show --namespace Microsoft.Compute --query registrationState --output tsv
if ($registration -ne 'Registered') { throw 'Microsoft.Compute is not registered.' }

Expected positive result: Standard_B1s is unrestricted in the selected region and its capability inventory explicitly supports EncryptionAtHost.

Negative validation:

$restrictions = az vm list-skus --location $Location --size Standard_B2s --all --query "[?name=='Standard_B2s'].restrictions[] | length(@)" --output tsv
if ($restrictions -and [int]$restrictions -gt 0) { throw 'Standard_B2s is restricted in this region.' }
$sku = az vm list-skus --location $Location --size Standard_B1s --all --query "[?name=='Standard_B1s'] | [0]" --output json | ConvertFrom-Json
$hostEncryption = @($sku.capabilities | Where-Object { $_.name -eq 'EncryptionAtHostSupported' -and $_.value -eq 'True' })
if ($hostEncryption.Count -ne 1) { throw 'Standard_B1s does not advertise encryption at host in this region.' }

Expected negative result: LAB11-CP01 negative boundary: The undesired state is absent; the negative assertion must not report: Standard_B1s does not advertise encryption at host in this region.

Evidence to retain:

LAB11-CP01 UTC result for verify vm sku and encryption-at-host capability.
Exact run-owned resource/object ID returned by the commands in LAB11-CP01.
Positive assertion proving: Standard_B1s is unrestricted in the selected region and its capability inventory explicitly supports EncryptionAtHost.
Negative assertion proving absence of: Standard_B1s does not advertise encryption at host in this region.

Common failure and safe retry: Encryption at host is not exposed by every VM size, subscription, or region even when the size name appears. Retry LAB11-CP01 for verify vm sku and encryption-at-host capability only after its exact recorded ID and current property are read. If the ID exists, reissue only the idempotent update; if it is absent, repeat only the owning create command, then rerun both assertions.

Cleanup dependency: After LAB11-CP02, LAB11-CP03, LAB11-CP04, LAB11-CP05, remove the exact manifest IDs created or configured by LAB11-CP01 for verify vm sku and encryption-at-host capability; its residual probe must then return zero active IDs.

Task 2 — Create the private-NIC VM with encryption at host¶

Checkpoint: LAB11-CP02

Purpose and operational relevance: Provision and immediately inventory the exact run-owned resources needed to create the private-nic vm with encryption at host, so partial completion remains recoverable. The change is unsafe when vM creation can fail when the image, size, or encryption-at-host feature is unavailable in the chosen region. This checkpoint therefore proves: The VM has no public IP, uses the selected SKU, and securityProfile.encryptionAtHost is true.

Run these commands from PowerShell. If you already used the automated lane, choose a new run ID before trying this guided lane.

$vnet = "vnet-$suffix"; $vm = "vm-$suffix"; $disk = "disk-$suffix"; $nic = "nic-$suffix"
$keyPath = Join-Path $StateDir 'id_ed25519'
ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -N '' -f $keyPath | Out-Null
az network vnet create --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $vnet --address-prefixes 10.11.0.0/16 --subnet-name workload --subnet-prefixes 10.11.1.0/24 --output none
az network nic create --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $nic --vnet-name $vnet --subnet workload --output none
az vm create --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $vm --image Ubuntu2204 --size Standard_B1s --admin-username azureadmin --ssh-key-values "$keyPath.pub" --nics $nic --encryption-at-host true --output none
az disk create --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $disk --size-gb 8 --sku Standard_LRS --output none
az vm disk attach --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --vm-name $vm --name $disk --caching ReadWrite --output none

Expected state: The VM has no public IP, uses the selected SKU, and securityProfile.encryptionAtHost is true.

Representative redacted output:

The VM has no public IP, uses the selected SKU, and securityProfile.encryptionAtHost is true.

Positive validation:

$power = az vm show --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $vm --show-details --query powerState --output tsv
if ($power -notmatch 'running') { throw "VM power state is $power." }

Expected positive result: The VM has no public IP, uses the selected SKU, and securityProfile.encryptionAtHost is true.

Negative validation:

$publicIp = az vm show --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $vm --show-details --query publicIps --output tsv
if ($publicIp) { throw 'The VM unexpectedly has a public IP address.' }

Expected negative result: LAB11-CP02 negative boundary: The undesired state is absent; the negative assertion must not report: The VM unexpectedly has a public IP address.

Evidence to retain:

LAB11-CP02 UTC result for create the private-nic vm with encryption at host.
Exact run-owned resource/object ID returned by the commands in LAB11-CP02.
Positive assertion proving: The VM has no public IP, uses the selected SKU, and securityProfile.encryptionAtHost is true.
Negative assertion proving absence of: The VM unexpectedly has a public IP address.

Common failure and safe retry: VM creation can fail when the image, size, or encryption-at-host feature is unavailable in the chosen region. Retry LAB11-CP02 for create the private-nic vm with encryption at host only after its exact recorded ID and current property are read. If the ID exists, reissue only the idempotent update; if it is absent, repeat only the owning create command, then rerun both assertions.

Cleanup dependency: After LAB11-CP03, LAB11-CP04, LAB11-CP05, remove the exact manifest IDs created or configured by LAB11-CP02 for create the private-nic vm with encryption at host; its residual probe must then return zero active IDs.

Task 3 — Attach and verify the managed data disk¶

Checkpoint: LAB11-CP03

Purpose and operational relevance: Configure and independently inspect the control-plane and data-path properties needed to attach and verify the managed data disk. The change is unsafe when a reused LUN or disk already attached to another VM causes the attach operation to fail. This checkpoint therefore proves: The managed disk is attached at the declared LUN and reports a Succeeded provisioning state.

Run these commands from PowerShell. If you already used the automated lane, choose a new run ID before trying this guided lane.

az vm deallocate --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $vm --output none
az vm resize --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $vm --size Standard_B2s --output none
$diskId = az disk show --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $disk --query id --output tsv
az vm disk detach --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --vm-name $vm --name $disk --output none
az vm disk attach --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --vm-name $vm --ids $diskId --caching ReadWrite --output none
az vm start --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $vm --output none

Expected state: The managed disk is attached at the declared LUN and reports a Succeeded provisioning state.

Representative redacted output:

The managed disk is attached at the declared LUN and reports a Succeeded provisioning state.

Positive validation:

$size = az vm show --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $vm --query hardwareProfile.vmSize --output tsv
if ($size -ne 'Standard_B2s') { throw "VM size is $size." }

Expected positive result: The managed disk is attached at the declared LUN and reports a Succeeded provisioning state.

Negative validation:

$missing = az vm disk list --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --vm-name $vm --query "[?name=='$disk'] | length(@)" --output tsv
if ([int]$missing -ne 1) { throw 'The managed data disk is not attached exactly once.' }

Expected negative result: LAB11-CP03 negative boundary: The undesired state is absent; the negative assertion must not report: The managed data disk is not attached exactly once.

Evidence to retain:

LAB11-CP03 UTC result for attach and verify the managed data disk.
Exact run-owned resource/object ID returned by the commands in LAB11-CP03.
Positive assertion proving: The managed disk is attached at the declared LUN and reports a Succeeded provisioning state.
Negative assertion proving absence of: The managed data disk is not attached exactly once.

Common failure and safe retry: A reused LUN or disk already attached to another VM causes the attach operation to fail. Retry LAB11-CP03 for attach and verify the managed data disk only after its exact recorded ID and current property are read. If the ID exists, reissue only the idempotent update; if it is absent, repeat only the owning create command, then rerun both assertions.

Cleanup dependency: After LAB11-CP04, LAB11-CP05, remove the exact manifest IDs created or configured by LAB11-CP03 for attach and verify the managed data disk; its residual probe must then return zero active IDs.

Task 4 — Resize the VM through a deallocated transition¶

Checkpoint: LAB11-CP04

Purpose and operational relevance: Exercise the deterministic operational or denied path needed to resize the vm through a deallocated transition, then retain comparable before-and-after results. The change is unsafe when a size can be regionally available yet absent from the current cluster, requiring deallocation before resize. This checkpoint therefore proves: The VM is restarted on the target size only after deallocation, and the instance view reports a running power state.

Run these commands from PowerShell. If you already used the automated lane, choose a new run ID before trying this guided lane.

az vm show --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $vm --query "{encryptionAtHost:securityProfile.encryptionAtHost,securityType:securityProfile.securityType}" --output json
az disk show --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $disk --query "{encryption:encryption,type:encryption.type,networkAccessPolicy:networkAccessPolicy}" --output json
az vm get-instance-view --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $vm --query "instanceView.statuses[].displayStatus" --output table

Expected state: The VM is restarted on the target size only after deallocation, and the instance view reports a running power state.

Representative redacted output:

The VM is restarted on the target size only after deallocation, and the instance view reports a running power state.

Positive validation:

$encryptionAtHost = az vm show --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $vm --query securityProfile.encryptionAtHost --output tsv
if ($encryptionAtHost -ne 'true') { throw 'VM encryption at host is not enabled.' }

Expected positive result: The VM is restarted on the target size only after deallocation, and the instance view reports a running power state.

Negative validation:

$encryptionType = az disk show --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $disk --query encryption.type --output tsv
if ($encryptionType -notin @('EncryptionAtRestWithPlatformKey','EncryptionAtRestWithCustomerKey')) { throw "Unexpected disk encryption type: $encryptionType" }
$unattached = az disk list --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --query "[?name=='$disk' && managedBy==null] | length(@)" --output tsv
if ([int]$unattached -ne 0) { throw 'The data disk is detached.' }

Expected negative result: LAB11-CP04 negative boundary: The undesired state is absent; the negative assertion must not report: The data disk is detached.

Evidence to retain:

LAB11-CP04 UTC result for resize the vm through a deallocated transition.
Exact run-owned resource/object ID returned by the commands in LAB11-CP04.
Positive assertion proving: The VM is restarted on the target size only after deallocation, and the instance view reports a running power state.
Negative assertion proving absence of: The data disk is detached.

Common failure and safe retry: A size can be regionally available yet absent from the current cluster, requiring deallocation before resize. Retry LAB11-CP04 for resize the vm through a deallocated transition only after its exact recorded ID and current property are read. If the ID exists, reissue only the idempotent update; if it is absent, repeat only the owning create command, then rerun both assertions.

Cleanup dependency: After LAB11-CP05, remove the exact manifest IDs created or configured by LAB11-CP04 for resize the vm through a deallocated transition; its residual probe must then return zero active IDs.

Task 5 — Reconcile VM size, disks, host encryption, and private exposure¶

Checkpoint: LAB11-CP05

Purpose and operational relevance: Reconcile live service properties, returned IDs, and dependency-aware removal needed to reconcile vm size, disks, host encryption, and private exposure before handoff. The change is unsafe when reading managed-disk encryption alone can be mistaken for VM encryption at host and produce false evidence. This checkpoint therefore proves: The VM model simultaneously proves the target hardware profile, attached disk, encryptionAtHost=true, and no public-IP association.

Run these commands from PowerShell. If you already used the automated lane, choose a new run ID before trying this guided lane.

az vm show --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $vm --show-details --query "{size:hardwareProfile.vmSize,power:powerState,osDisk:storageProfile.osDisk.name,dataDisks:storageProfile.dataDisks[].name}" --output json

Expected state: The VM model simultaneously proves the target hardware profile, attached disk, encryptionAtHost=true, and no public-IP association.

Representative redacted output:

The VM model simultaneously proves the target hardware profile, attached disk, encryptionAtHost=true, and no public-IP association.

Positive validation:

$diskCount = az vm show --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $vm --query "storageProfile.dataDisks[?name=='$disk'] | length(@)" --output tsv
if ([int]$diskCount -ne 1) { throw "Expected one attached data disk; found $diskCount." }

Expected positive result: The VM model simultaneously proves the target hardware profile, attached disk, encryptionAtHost=true, and no public-IP association.

Negative validation:

$failed = az resource list --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --query "[?properties.provisioningState=='Failed'] | length(@)" --output tsv
if ([int]$failed -ne 0) { throw 'A VM dependency is in Failed provisioning state.' }

Expected negative result: LAB11-CP05 negative boundary: The undesired state is absent; the negative assertion must not report: A VM dependency is in Failed provisioning state.

Evidence to retain:

LAB11-CP05 UTC result for reconcile vm size, disks, host encryption, and private exposure.
Exact run-owned resource/object ID returned by the commands in LAB11-CP05.
Positive assertion proving: The VM model simultaneously proves the target hardware profile, attached disk, encryptionAtHost=true, and no public-IP association.
Negative assertion proving absence of: A VM dependency is in Failed provisioning state.

Common failure and safe retry: Reading managed-disk encryption alone can be mistaken for VM encryption at host and produce false evidence. Retry LAB11-CP05 for reconcile vm size, disks, host encryption, and private exposure only after its exact recorded ID and current property are read. If the ID exists, reissue only the idempotent update; if it is absent, repeat only the owning create command, then rerun both assertions.

Cleanup dependency: After all service validation and evidence capture, remove the exact manifest IDs created or configured by LAB11-CP05 for reconcile vm size, disks, host encryption, and private exposure; its residual probe must then return zero active IDs.

Final validation and result interpretation¶

Run independent deployment validation after all required checkpoints:

./scripts/cli/Validate.ps1 -RunId 'az104l11-01' -Mode Deployment
az resource list --resource-group 'rg-az104-l11-az104l11-01' --query '[].{name:name,type:type}' --output table

pass: every required positive and negative check passed.
partial: every required check passed, but at least one optional gate was deliberately skipped.
fail: a required checkpoint failed; do not record the lab as complete.

Keep the redacted validation.json; do not retain credentials, tokens, access keys, certificate material, email addresses, tenant IDs, or unredacted command output.

Deterministic break/fix exercise¶

Injection: Detach the managed data disk after deallocating the VM.

Inject the bounded fault:

az vm deallocate --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $vm --output none
az vm disk detach --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --vm-name $vm --name $disk --output none

Capture the failed state with a read-only query:

az vm show --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $vm --query "storageProfile.dataDisks[].name" --output table

Repair only the injected setting, then repeat the same query:

$diskId = az disk show --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $disk --query id --output tsv
az vm disk attach --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --vm-name $vm --ids $diskId --caching ReadWrite --output none
az vm start --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $vm --output none
az vm show --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $vm --show-details --query "{power:powerState,dataDisks:storageProfile.dataDisks[].name}" --output json

Expected symptom: The VM model no longer contains the expected data disk.

Diagnose with a read-only service query:

az vm show --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $vm --query "storageProfile.dataDisks[].name" --output table

Diagnosis: Compare the VM data-disk model with the manifest-recorded disk ID.

Repair: Reattach the exact managed disk ID and return the VM to its prior power state.

Before/after evidence must show the failed negative or positive check before repair and the same check passing afterward. Do not inject a second fault until the first is removed.

Optional job-style challenge¶

Plan a zero-surprise maintenance window for disk caching, resize, host encryption, validation, and rollback.

Deliver a short change record containing assumptions, exact commands, redacted evidence, cost and risk notes, rollback, and residual results. The challenge is optional and never changes required checkpoint status.

Troubleshooting¶

Symptom	Likely cause	Safe next step
Context mismatch	Active CLI context differs from `run.json`	Stop, inspect `az account show`, and select the intended disposable context yourself.
Provider or feature unavailable	Registration, region, feature, or SKU gate is unmet	Read the preflight result; do not register or enable tenant features implicitly.
Name already exists	The run ID is reused or a globally unique name collided	Keep existing state intact and choose a new run ID.
Expected state is delayed	The service is converging asynchronously	Repeat only the read-only query with bounded retries; do not duplicate creation.
Permission denied	Role, Graph scope, or data-plane authorization is insufficient	Confirm the declared least-privilege boundary; do not broaden access automatically.
Cleanup refuses ownership	ID, context, or tags differ from the manifest	Investigate the mismatch; never bypass ownership verification.

Cleanup and residual verification¶

Run-owned cleanup boundary and residual-resource audit — Only verified run-owned objects are eligible for cleanup. Report deliberately retained or soft-deleted items; do not assume they were purged. Open at full size.

Preview exact targets first, execute only after ownership review, then validate post-cleanup:

./scripts/cli/Cleanup.ps1 -RunId 'az104l11-01'
./scripts/cli/Cleanup.ps1 -RunId 'az104l11-01' -Execute
./scripts/cli/Validate.ps1 -RunId 'az104l11-01' -Mode PostCleanup
$failed = az resource list --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --query "[?properties.provisioningState=='Failed'] | length(@)" --output tsv
if ([int]$failed -ne 0) { throw 'A VM dependency is in Failed provisioning state.' }

cleanup.json passes only when no active manifest-managed object remains. Soft-deleted or intentionally retained items must be listed with their reason and expected disposition. The lifecycle never performs irreversible purge automatically.

Exam debrief and assessment¶

Explain why the expected state, negative check, and cleanup boundary matter—not only which command was used. Map any missed concept back to its task anchor before reviewing the answer key.

Complete QUESTIONS.md, then use ANSWERS.md for option-by-option remediation. Scores of 85–100% indicate mastery, 70–84% indicate targeted review, and below 70% means repeat the mapped tasks.

Microsoft Learn sources¶

Lifecycle script appendix¶

The guided task blocks above and these executable scripts are generated from the same checkpoint data. The scripts are an optional automated lane; use a different run ID if you already completed the guided lane.

`Preflight.ps1`¶

# BEGIN GENERATED AZ104 V2
#requires -Version 7.4
[CmdletBinding()]
[Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessageAttribute('PSAvoidUsingWriteHost', '', Justification = 'Interactive lab progress is intentionally written to the host.')]
[Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessageAttribute('PSReviewUnusedParameter', '', Justification = 'All lifecycle scripts expose a stable cross-lab interface.')]
[Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessageAttribute('PSUseDeclaredVarsMoreThanAssignments', '', Justification = 'Generated task variables are intentionally shared across checkpoint blocks.')]
param(
    [string]$SubscriptionId = $env:AZ104_SUBSCRIPTION_ID,
    [Parameter(Mandatory)][ValidatePattern('^[a-z0-9](?:[a-z0-9-]{0,30}[a-z0-9])?$')][string]$RunId,
    [Parameter(Mandatory)][ValidatePattern('^[a-z0-9]+$')][string]$Location,
    [string]$SecondaryLocation = $env:AZ104_SECONDARY_LOCATION
)

Set-StrictMode -Version Latest
$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
$PSNativeCommandUseErrorActionPreference = $true

if (-not (Get-Command az -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {
    throw 'Azure CLI is required. Run the repository readiness initializer, then retry.'
}

$account = az account show --output json | ConvertFrom-Json
if (-not $account) { throw 'No active Azure CLI context. Run az login deliberately before this lab.' }
if ($SubscriptionId -and [string]$account.id -ne $SubscriptionId) {
    throw "Context mismatch: active subscription is $($account.id), expected $SubscriptionId. Preflight will not switch it."
}
if (-not $SubscriptionId) { $SubscriptionId = [string]$account.id }
# The account read above is the mandatory context gate. All remaining Azure
# probes are collected as results instead of allowing one unavailable SKU or
# provider query to abort the readiness report before it can explain the gap.
$PSNativeCommandUseErrorActionPreference = $false
$suffix = (($RunId -replace '[^a-z0-9]', '') + '000000000000').Substring(0, 12)
$ResourceGroupName = $(if ('11' -in @('00', '01', '02')) { $null } else { "rg-az104-l11-$RunId" })

$checks = [System.Collections.Generic.List[object]]::new()
function Add-PreflightResult {
    param([string]$Id, [bool]$Required, [bool]$Passed, [string]$Actual)
    $checks.Add([pscustomobject]@{ id = $Id; required = $Required; passed = $Passed; actual = $Actual })
}

Add-PreflightResult -Id 'context' -Required $true -Passed $true -Actual "cloud=$($account.environmentName); tenant=<redacted>; subscription=<redacted>"
$azVersion = (az version --query '"azure-cli"' --output tsv)
$bicepVersion = (az bicep version 2>&1 | Out-String).Trim()
Add-PreflightResult -Id 'azure-cli' -Required $true -Passed ([bool]$azVersion) -Actual $azVersion
Add-PreflightResult -Id 'powershell' -Required $true -Passed ($PSVersionTable.PSVersion -ge [version]'7.4') -Actual $PSVersionTable.PSVersion.ToString()
Add-PreflightResult -Id 'bicep' -Required $true -Passed ([bool]$bicepVersion) -Actual $bicepVersion

$requiredEnvironmentVariables = @()
foreach ($variableName in $requiredEnvironmentVariables) {
    $present = -not [string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace([Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable($variableName))
    Add-PreflightResult -Id "input:$variableName" -Required $true -Passed $present -Actual $(if ($present) { 'present (value redacted)' } else { 'missing' })
}

$providers = @(
    'Microsoft.Compute'
    'Microsoft.Network'
)
foreach ($provider in $providers) {
    $registrationState = az provider show --namespace $provider --query registrationState --output tsv 2>$null
    Add-PreflightResult -Id "provider:$provider" -Required $true -Passed ($registrationState -eq 'Registered') -Actual $(if ($registrationState) { $registrationState } else { 'Unavailable' })
}

$knownLocation = az account list-locations --query "[?name=='$Location'].name | [0]" --output tsv
Add-PreflightResult -Id 'region' -Required $true -Passed ($knownLocation -eq $Location) -Actual $(if ($knownLocation) { $knownLocation } else { 'not available' })

$usage = az vm list-usage --location $Location --output json 2>$null | ConvertFrom-Json
Add-PreflightResult -Id 'regional-compute-quota' -Required $false -Passed ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) -Actual "entries=$(@($usage).Count)"

$probePassed = $true
$probeActual = 'assertion passed (output not persisted)'
try {
    $LASTEXITCODE = 0
    & {
$registration = az provider show --namespace Microsoft.Compute --query registrationState --output tsv
if ($registration -ne 'Registered') { throw 'Microsoft.Compute is not registered.' }
$restrictions = az vm list-skus --location $Location --size Standard_B2s --all --query "[?name=='Standard_B2s'].restrictions[] | length(@)" --output tsv
if ($restrictions -and [int]$restrictions -gt 0) { throw 'Standard_B2s is restricted in this region.' }
$sku = az vm list-skus --location $Location --size Standard_B1s --all --query "[?name=='Standard_B1s'] | [0]" --output json | ConvertFrom-Json
$hostEncryption = @($sku.capabilities | Where-Object { $_.name -eq 'EncryptionAtHostSupported' -and $_.value -eq 'True' })
if ($hostEncryption.Count -ne 1) { throw 'Standard_B1s does not advertise encryption at host in this region.' }
    } | Out-Null
    if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { throw "native exit code $LASTEXITCODE" }
} catch {
    $probePassed = $false
    $probeActual = "assertion failed: $($_.Exception.GetType().Name)"
}
Add-PreflightResult -Id 'preflight.authored.service' -Required $true -Passed $probePassed -Actual $probeActual

$checks | Format-Table -AutoSize
$failedRequired = @($checks | Where-Object { $_.required -and -not $_.passed })
if ($failedRequired.Count -gt 0) {
    throw "Preflight blocked: $($failedRequired.id -join ', ')"
}
Write-Host 'Preflight passed. It performed no sign-in, context switch, provider registration, or Azure mutation.'
# END GENERATED AZ104 V2

`Setup.ps1`¶

# BEGIN GENERATED AZ104 V2
#requires -Version 7.4
[CmdletBinding()]
[Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessageAttribute('PSAvoidUsingWriteHost', '', Justification = 'Interactive lab progress is intentionally written to the host.')]
[Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessageAttribute('PSReviewUnusedParameter', '', Justification = 'All lifecycle scripts expose a stable cross-lab interface.')]
[Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessageAttribute('PSUseDeclaredVarsMoreThanAssignments', '', Justification = 'Generated task variables are intentionally shared across checkpoint blocks.')]
param(
    [string]$SubscriptionId = $env:AZ104_SUBSCRIPTION_ID,
    [Parameter(Mandatory)][ValidatePattern('^[a-z0-9](?:[a-z0-9-]{0,30}[a-z0-9])?$')][string]$RunId,
    [Parameter(Mandatory)][ValidatePattern('^[a-z0-9]+$')][string]$Location,
    [string]$SecondaryLocation = $env:AZ104_SECONDARY_LOCATION,
    [switch]$AcknowledgeCost,
    [switch]$AcknowledgeTenantChange,
    [switch]$Execute
)

Set-StrictMode -Version Latest
$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
$PSNativeCommandUseErrorActionPreference = $true

if (-not (Get-Command az -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {
    throw 'Azure CLI is required. Run the repository readiness initializer, then retry.'
}

$LabRoot = (Resolve-Path (Join-Path $PSScriptRoot '../..')).Path
$StateDir = Join-Path $LabRoot ".state/$RunId"
$Manifest = Join-Path $StateDir 'run.json'
$ResourceGroupName = $(if ('11' -in @('00', '01', '02')) { $null } else { "rg-az104-l11-$RunId" })
$suffix = (($RunId -replace '[^a-z0-9]', '') + '000000000000').Substring(0, 12)

Write-Host 'LAB-11 execution plan'
Write-Host "  subscription: $SubscriptionId"
Write-Host "  location: $Location"
Write-Host '  command surface: Azure CLI hosted in PowerShell'
Write-Host '  state: run.json, validation.json, cleanup.json'
if (-not $Execute) {
    Write-Host 'Preview only. Review context, inputs, cost, tenant scope, and cleanup before using -Execute.'
    return
}
if ($true -and -not $AcknowledgeCost) { throw 'This lab requires -AcknowledgeCost before execution.' }
if ($false -and -not $AcknowledgeTenantChange) { throw 'This lab requires -AcknowledgeTenantChange before execution.' }

& (Join-Path $PSScriptRoot 'Preflight.ps1') -SubscriptionId $SubscriptionId -RunId $RunId -Location $Location -SecondaryLocation $SecondaryLocation
if (Test-Path -LiteralPath $Manifest) { throw "State already exists at $Manifest. Choose a new run ID." }
New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $StateDir -Force | Out-Null
$account = az account show --output json | ConvertFrom-Json
if (-not $SubscriptionId) { $SubscriptionId = [string]$account.id }
$now = (Get-Date).ToUniversalTime().ToString('o')
$state = @{
    schemaVersion = '1.0.0'
    labId = 'LAB-11'
    runId = $RunId
    createdAt = $now
    updatedAt = $now
    status = 'initialized'
    context = @{ cloud = [string]$account.environmentName; tenantId = [string]$account.tenantId; subscriptionId = [string]$SubscriptionId }
    acknowledgements = @{ cost = [bool]$AcknowledgeCost; tenantChange = [bool]$AcknowledgeTenantChange }
    inputs = @{ 'location' = $Location; 'secondary-location' = $SecondaryLocation }
    checkpointStates = @(
        @{ checkpointId = 'LAB11-CP01'; required = $true; status = 'pending'; updatedAt = $now; message = 'Not started.' }
        @{ checkpointId = 'LAB11-CP02'; required = $true; status = 'pending'; updatedAt = $now; message = 'Not started.' }
        @{ checkpointId = 'LAB11-CP03'; required = $true; status = 'pending'; updatedAt = $now; message = 'Not started.' }
        @{ checkpointId = 'LAB11-CP04'; required = $true; status = 'pending'; updatedAt = $now; message = 'Not started.' }
        @{ checkpointId = 'LAB11-CP05'; required = $true; status = 'pending'; updatedAt = $now; message = 'Not started.' }
    )
    managedObjects = @()
    originalSettings = @()
}
$external = @{}

function Save-RunState {
    $state.updatedAt = (Get-Date).ToUniversalTime().ToString('o')
    $state | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 30 | Set-Content -LiteralPath $Manifest -Encoding utf8
}

function Save-ExternalState {
    foreach ($key in @($external.Keys)) {
        $value = $external[$key]
        if ($null -eq $value -or $value -is [string] -or $value -is [ValueType]) {
            $inputKey = 'external-' + (([string]$key -creplace '([a-z0-9])([A-Z])', '$1-$2') -replace '[^a-zA-Z0-9-]', '-').ToLowerInvariant()
            $state.inputs[$inputKey] = $value
        }
    }
    Save-RunState
}

function Write-CheckpointState {
    param([string]$CheckpointId, [string]$Status, [string]$Message)
    $entry = @($state.checkpointStates | Where-Object { $_.checkpointId -eq $CheckpointId })[0]
    $entry.status = $Status
    $entry.updatedAt = (Get-Date).ToUniversalTime().ToString('o')
    $entry.message = $Message
}

function Add-ManagedObject {
    param([string]$CheckpointId, [string]$Kind, [string]$Id, [string]$Name, [string]$Type, [string]$Scope, [string]$OwnershipMethod)
    if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($Id)) { return }
    $existing = @($state.managedObjects | Where-Object { $_.id -eq $Id })
    if ($existing.Count -gt 0) { return }
    $expectedTags = @{}
    if ($OwnershipMethod -eq 'manifest-id-and-tags') {
        $expectedTags = @{ purpose = 'az104-lab'; labId = '11'; runId = $RunId }
    }
    $state.managedObjects += @{
        checkpointId = $CheckpointId
        kind = $Kind
        id = $Id
        name = $Name
        type = $Type
        scope = $Scope
        ownership = @{ method = $OwnershipMethod; expectedTags = $expectedTags }
        recordedAt = (Get-Date).ToUniversalTime().ToString('o')
        lifecycleStatus = 'active'
    }
    Save-RunState
}

function Sync-ManagedResource {
    param([string]$CheckpointId)
    # The entire recovery inventory is best effort so a state-helper or Azure
    # query failure cannot mask the original mutation error. Every object that
    # can be recovered is still persisted immediately as it is discovered.
    $nativePreference = $PSNativeCommandUseErrorActionPreference
    $PSNativeCommandUseErrorActionPreference = $false
    try {
        Save-ExternalState
        $resourceGroupNames = [System.Collections.Generic.HashSet[string]]::new([System.StringComparer]::OrdinalIgnoreCase)
        if ($ResourceGroupName) { $null = $resourceGroupNames.Add([string]$ResourceGroupName) }
        foreach ($key in @($external.Keys | Where-Object { [string]$_ -match '(?i)ResourceGroupName$' })) {
            if ($external[$key]) { $null = $resourceGroupNames.Add([string]$external[$key]) }
        }
        foreach ($groupName in $resourceGroupNames) {
            $groupJson = az group show --subscription $SubscriptionId --name $groupName --output json 2>$null
            $group = $(if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0 -and $groupJson) { $groupJson | ConvertFrom-Json } else { $null })
            if ($group) {
                $groupCheckpoint = $(if ([string]$group.name -eq [string]$ResourceGroupName) { 'LAB11-CP01' } else { $CheckpointId })
                Add-ManagedObject -CheckpointId $groupCheckpoint -Kind 'azure-resource' -Id ([string]$group.id) -Name ([string]$group.name) -Type 'Microsoft.Resources/resourceGroups' -Scope "/subscriptions/$SubscriptionId" -OwnershipMethod 'manifest-id-and-tags'
                $resourcesJson = az resource list --subscription $SubscriptionId --resource-group $groupName --output json 2>$null
                $resources = @($(if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0 -and $resourcesJson) { $resourcesJson | ConvertFrom-Json } else { @() }))
                foreach ($resource in $resources) {
                    Add-ManagedObject -CheckpointId $CheckpointId -Kind 'azure-resource' -Id ([string]$resource.id) -Name ([string]$resource.name) -Type ([string]$resource.type) -Scope ([string]$group.id) -OwnershipMethod 'manifest-id-and-tags'
                }
            }
        }
        if ($external.ContainsKey('groupId') -and $external.groupId) { Add-ManagedObject -CheckpointId $CheckpointId -Kind 'entra-object' -Id ([string]$external.groupId) -Name 'lab-group' -Type 'Microsoft.Graph/group' -Scope $state.context.tenantId -OwnershipMethod 'manifest-id' }
        if ($external.ContainsKey('guestUserId') -and $external.guestUserId) { Add-ManagedObject -CheckpointId $CheckpointId -Kind 'entra-object' -Id ([string]$external.guestUserId) -Name 'guest-user' -Type 'Microsoft.Graph/user' -Scope $state.context.tenantId -OwnershipMethod 'manifest-id' }
        if ($external.ContainsKey('userIds')) {
            foreach ($userId in @($external.userIds)) { Add-ManagedObject -CheckpointId $CheckpointId -Kind 'entra-object' -Id ([string]$userId) -Name 'lab-user' -Type 'Microsoft.Graph/user' -Scope $state.context.tenantId -OwnershipMethod 'manifest-id' }
        }
        if ($external.ContainsKey('delegationRecordId') -and $external.delegationRecordId) {
            Add-ManagedObject -CheckpointId $CheckpointId -Kind 'azure-resource' -Id ([string]$external.delegationRecordId) -Name ([string]$external.delegationRecordName) -Type 'Microsoft.Network/dnsZones/NS' -Scope ([string]$external.parentZoneId) -OwnershipMethod 'manifest-id'
        }
        if ($external.ContainsKey('connectionMonitorId') -and $external.connectionMonitorId) {
            Add-ManagedObject -CheckpointId $CheckpointId -Kind 'azure-resource' -Id ([string]$external.connectionMonitorId) -Name ([string]$external.connectionMonitorName) -Type 'Microsoft.Network/networkWatchers/connectionMonitors' -Scope ([string]$external.networkWatcherId) -OwnershipMethod 'manifest-id'
        }
    } catch {
        Write-Warning "Recovery inventory for $CheckpointId was incomplete: $($_.Exception.Message)"
    } finally {
        $PSNativeCommandUseErrorActionPreference = $nativePreference
    }
}

# The manifest exists before the first Azure mutation.
Save-RunState
$state.status = 'setup-in-progress'
Save-RunState

$expiresOn = (Get-Date).ToUniversalTime().AddDays(1).ToString('yyyy-MM-dd')
try {
    az group create --subscription $SubscriptionId --name $ResourceGroupName --location $Location --tags purpose=az104-lab labId=11 runId=$RunId expiresOn=$expiresOn --output none
} catch {
    Write-CheckpointState -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP01' -Status 'fail' -Message "Resource-group boundary creation failed: $($_.Exception.GetType().Name)"
    $state.status = 'failed'
    Save-RunState
    throw
} finally {
    Sync-ManagedResource -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP01'
}

# CHECKPOINT LAB11-CP01 BEGIN
try {
    Write-CheckpointState -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP01' -Status 'in-progress' -Message 'Checkpoint execution started.'
    $activeCheckpointId = 'LAB11-CP01'
    Save-RunState

    az provider show --namespace Microsoft.Compute --query registrationState --output tsv
    az vm list-skus --location $Location --size Standard_B2s --all --query '[?restrictions==null || length(restrictions)==`0`].name' --output tsv
    if (-not (Get-Command ssh-keygen -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) { throw 'ssh-keygen is required to create the disposable key in the run state directory.' }

    Sync-ManagedResource -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP01'
    Write-CheckpointState -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP01' -Status 'pass' -Message 'Standard_B1s is unrestricted in the selected region and its capability inventory explicitly supports EncryptionAtHost.'
    Save-RunState
} catch {
    Sync-ManagedResource -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP01'
    Write-CheckpointState -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP01' -Status 'fail' -Message "Checkpoint failed: $($_.Exception.GetType().Name)"
    $state.status = 'failed'
    Save-RunState
    throw
}
# CHECKPOINT LAB11-CP01 END

# CHECKPOINT LAB11-CP02 BEGIN
try {
    Write-CheckpointState -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP02' -Status 'in-progress' -Message 'Checkpoint execution started.'
    $activeCheckpointId = 'LAB11-CP02'
    Save-RunState

    $vnet = "vnet-$suffix"; $vm = "vm-$suffix"; $disk = "disk-$suffix"; $nic = "nic-$suffix"
    $keyPath = Join-Path $StateDir 'id_ed25519'
    ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -N '' -f $keyPath | Out-Null
    try {
        az network vnet create --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $vnet --address-prefixes 10.11.0.0/16 --subnet-name workload --subnet-prefixes 10.11.1.0/24 --output none
    } finally {
        Sync-ManagedResource -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP02'
    }
    try {
        az network nic create --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $nic --vnet-name $vnet --subnet workload --output none
    } finally {
        Sync-ManagedResource -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP02'
    }
    try {
        az vm create --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $vm --image Ubuntu2204 --size Standard_B1s --admin-username azureadmin --ssh-key-values "$keyPath.pub" --nics $nic --encryption-at-host true --output none
    } finally {
        Sync-ManagedResource -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP02'
    }
    try {
        az disk create --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $disk --size-gb 8 --sku Standard_LRS --output none
    } finally {
        Sync-ManagedResource -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP02'
    }
    az vm disk attach --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --vm-name $vm --name $disk --caching ReadWrite --output none

    Sync-ManagedResource -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP02'
    Write-CheckpointState -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP02' -Status 'pass' -Message 'The VM has no public IP, uses the selected SKU, and securityProfile.encryptionAtHost is true.'
    Save-RunState
} catch {
    Sync-ManagedResource -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP02'
    Write-CheckpointState -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP02' -Status 'fail' -Message "Checkpoint failed: $($_.Exception.GetType().Name)"
    $state.status = 'failed'
    Save-RunState
    throw
}
# CHECKPOINT LAB11-CP02 END

# CHECKPOINT LAB11-CP03 BEGIN
try {
    Write-CheckpointState -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP03' -Status 'in-progress' -Message 'Checkpoint execution started.'
    $activeCheckpointId = 'LAB11-CP03'
    Save-RunState

    az vm deallocate --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $vm --output none
    az vm resize --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $vm --size Standard_B2s --output none
    $diskId = az disk show --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $disk --query id --output tsv
    az vm disk detach --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --vm-name $vm --name $disk --output none
    az vm disk attach --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --vm-name $vm --ids $diskId --caching ReadWrite --output none
    az vm start --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $vm --output none

    Sync-ManagedResource -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP03'
    Write-CheckpointState -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP03' -Status 'pass' -Message 'The managed disk is attached at the declared LUN and reports a Succeeded provisioning state.'
    Save-RunState
} catch {
    Sync-ManagedResource -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP03'
    Write-CheckpointState -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP03' -Status 'fail' -Message "Checkpoint failed: $($_.Exception.GetType().Name)"
    $state.status = 'failed'
    Save-RunState
    throw
}
# CHECKPOINT LAB11-CP03 END

# CHECKPOINT LAB11-CP04 BEGIN
try {
    Write-CheckpointState -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP04' -Status 'in-progress' -Message 'Checkpoint execution started.'
    $activeCheckpointId = 'LAB11-CP04'
    Save-RunState

    az vm show --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $vm --query "{encryptionAtHost:securityProfile.encryptionAtHost,securityType:securityProfile.securityType}" --output json
    az disk show --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $disk --query "{encryption:encryption,type:encryption.type,networkAccessPolicy:networkAccessPolicy}" --output json
    az vm get-instance-view --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $vm --query "instanceView.statuses[].displayStatus" --output table

    Sync-ManagedResource -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP04'
    Write-CheckpointState -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP04' -Status 'pass' -Message 'The VM is restarted on the target size only after deallocation, and the instance view reports a running power state.'
    Save-RunState
} catch {
    Sync-ManagedResource -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP04'
    Write-CheckpointState -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP04' -Status 'fail' -Message "Checkpoint failed: $($_.Exception.GetType().Name)"
    $state.status = 'failed'
    Save-RunState
    throw
}
# CHECKPOINT LAB11-CP04 END

# CHECKPOINT LAB11-CP05 BEGIN
try {
    Write-CheckpointState -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP05' -Status 'in-progress' -Message 'Checkpoint execution started.'
    $activeCheckpointId = 'LAB11-CP05'
    Save-RunState

    az vm show --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $vm --show-details --query "{size:hardwareProfile.vmSize,power:powerState,osDisk:storageProfile.osDisk.name,dataDisks:storageProfile.dataDisks[].name}" --output json

    Sync-ManagedResource -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP05'
    Write-CheckpointState -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP05' -Status 'pass' -Message 'The VM model simultaneously proves the target hardware profile, attached disk, encryptionAtHost=true, and no public-IP association.'
    Save-RunState
} catch {
    Sync-ManagedResource -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP05'
    Write-CheckpointState -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP05' -Status 'fail' -Message "Checkpoint failed: $($_.Exception.GetType().Name)"
    $state.status = 'failed'
    Save-RunState
    throw
}
# CHECKPOINT LAB11-CP05 END

$skippedRequired = @($state.checkpointStates | Where-Object { $_.required -and $_.status -eq 'skipped' })
if ($skippedRequired.Count -gt 0) {
    $state.status = 'failed'
    Save-RunState
    throw "Required checkpoints were skipped: $($skippedRequired.checkpointId -join ', ')"
}
$skippedOptional = @($state.checkpointStates | Where-Object { -not $_.required -and $_.status -eq 'skipped' })
$state.status = $(if ($skippedOptional.Count -gt 0) { 'partial' } else { 'setup-complete' })
Save-RunState
Write-Host "Setup result: $($state.status). State: $Manifest"
Write-Host "Next: ./Validate.ps1 -RunId $RunId -Mode Deployment"
# END GENERATED AZ104 V2

`Validate.ps1`¶

# BEGIN GENERATED AZ104 V2
#requires -Version 7.4
[CmdletBinding()]
[Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessageAttribute('PSAvoidUsingWriteHost', '', Justification = 'Interactive lab progress is intentionally written to the host.')]
[Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessageAttribute('PSReviewUnusedParameter', '', Justification = 'All lifecycle scripts expose a stable cross-lab interface.')]
[Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessageAttribute('PSUseDeclaredVarsMoreThanAssignments', '', Justification = 'Generated task variables are intentionally shared across checkpoint blocks.')]
param(
    [string]$SubscriptionId = $env:AZ104_SUBSCRIPTION_ID,
    [Parameter(Mandatory)][ValidatePattern('^[a-z0-9](?:[a-z0-9-]{0,30}[a-z0-9])?$')][string]$RunId,
    [ValidateSet('Deployment', 'PostCleanup')][string]$Mode = 'Deployment'
)

Set-StrictMode -Version Latest
$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
$PSNativeCommandUseErrorActionPreference = $true

if (-not (Get-Command az -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {
    throw 'Azure CLI is required. Run the repository readiness initializer, then retry.'
}

$LabRoot = (Resolve-Path (Join-Path $PSScriptRoot '../..')).Path
$StateDir = Join-Path $LabRoot ".state/$RunId"
$Manifest = Join-Path $StateDir 'run.json'
$ValidationPath = Join-Path $StateDir 'validation.json'
if (-not (Test-Path -LiteralPath $Manifest)) { throw "Run manifest not found: $Manifest" }
$state = Get-Content -LiteralPath $Manifest -Raw | ConvertFrom-Json -AsHashtable
if ($state.labId -ne 'LAB-11' -or $state.runId -ne $RunId) { throw 'Manifest ownership does not match this lab and run ID.' }
$PSNativeCommandUseErrorActionPreference = $false
$accountJson = az account show --output json 2>$null
$account = $(if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0 -and $accountJson) { $accountJson | ConvertFrom-Json } else { $null })
if (-not $account -or [string]$account.tenantId -ne [string]$state.context.tenantId -or [string]$account.id -ne [string]$state.context.subscriptionId) {
    $capturedAt = (Get-Date).ToUniversalTime().ToString('o')
    $actualContext = $(if ($account) { "tenant=$($account.tenantId); subscription=$($account.id)" } else { 'active context unavailable' })
    $contextFailure = @{
        schemaVersion = '1.0.0'; labId = 'LAB-11'; runId = $RunId; mode = $Mode
        generatedAt = $capturedAt; result = 'fail'
        summary = @{ required = 1; passed = 0; failed = 1; skipped = 0 }
        checks = @(@{ id = 'context.active'; checkpointId = 'LAB11-CP01'; kind = 'context'; required = $true; status = 'fail'; message = 'Active Azure context does not match the run manifest.'; evidence = @{ command = 'az account show --output json'; expected = 'tenant and subscription exactly match run.json'; actual = $actualContext; capturedAt = $capturedAt; redacted = $true } })
    }
    $contextFailure | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 30 | Set-Content -LiteralPath $ValidationPath -Encoding utf8
    Write-Host "Validation $Mode result: fail"
    Write-Host "Artifact: $ValidationPath"
    exit 1
}
$SubscriptionId = [string]$state.context.subscriptionId
$Location = [string]$state.inputs['location']
$SecondaryLocation = [string]$state.inputs['secondary-location']
$ResourceGroupName = $(if ('11' -in @('00', '01', '02')) { $null } else { "rg-az104-l11-$RunId" })
$suffix = (($RunId -replace '[^a-z0-9]', '') + '000000000000').Substring(0, 12)
$vnet = "vnet-$suffix"; $vm = "vm-$suffix"; $disk = "disk-$suffix"; $nic = "nic-$suffix"

$checks = [System.Collections.Generic.List[object]]::new()
function Add-ValidationCheck {
    param([string]$Id, [string]$CheckpointId, [string]$Kind, [bool]$Required, [bool]$Passed, [string]$Command, [string]$Expected, [string]$Actual, [bool]$Skipped = $false)
    $capturedAt = (Get-Date).ToUniversalTime().ToString('o')
    $checks.Add(@{
        id = $Id
        checkpointId = $CheckpointId
        kind = $Kind
        required = $Required
        status = $(if ($Skipped) { 'skipped' } elseif ($Passed) { 'pass' } else { 'fail' })
        message = $(if ($Skipped) { 'Optional gate was deliberately skipped.' } elseif ($Passed) { 'Expected state observed.' } else { 'Expected state was not observed.' })
        evidence = @{ command = $Command; expected = $Expected; actual = $Actual; capturedAt = $capturedAt; redacted = $true }
    })
}

# CHECKPOINT LAB11-CP01 BEGIN
$checkpointState = @($state.checkpointStates | Where-Object { $_.checkpointId -eq 'LAB11-CP01' })[0]
$checkpointObjects = @($state.managedObjects | Where-Object { $_.checkpointId -eq 'LAB11-CP01' })

if ($Mode -eq 'Deployment') {
    if ($checkpointState.status -eq 'skipped') {
        Add-ValidationCheck -Id 'lab11-cp01.positive' -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP01' -Kind 'positive' -Required ([bool]$checkpointState.required) -Passed $true -Skipped $true -Command 'optional gate evaluation' -Expected 'The optional checkpoint is explicitly skipped when its documented input is absent.' -Actual 'optional gate absent'
        Add-ValidationCheck -Id 'lab11-cp01.negative' -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP01' -Kind 'negative' -Required ([bool]$checkpointState.required) -Passed $true -Skipped $true -Command 'optional gate evaluation' -Expected 'No mutation occurs for a skipped optional checkpoint.' -Actual 'optional gate absent'
    } else {
    $positivePassed = $checkpointState.status -eq 'pass'
    $positiveActual = "checkpoint=$($checkpointState.status); managedObjects=$($checkpointObjects.Count)"
    foreach ($managedObject in $checkpointObjects) {
        if ($managedObject.type -eq 'Microsoft.Management/managementGroups') {
            $null = az account management-group show --name $managedObject.name --output none 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { $positivePassed = $false; $positiveActual += "; missing=$($managedObject.id)" }
        } elseif ($managedObject.kind -eq 'azure-resource') {
            $null = az resource show --ids $managedObject.id --output none 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { $positivePassed = $false; $positiveActual += "; missing=$($managedObject.id)" }
        } elseif ($managedObject.kind -eq 'entra-object') {
            $null = az rest --method get --url "https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/directoryObjects/$($managedObject.id)" --output none 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { $positivePassed = $false; $positiveActual += "; missing=$($managedObject.id)" }
        }
    }

    # AUTHORED SERVICE ASSERTION: positive
    try {
        $LASTEXITCODE = 0
        & {
$registration = az provider show --namespace Microsoft.Compute --query registrationState --output tsv
if ($registration -ne 'Registered') { throw 'Microsoft.Compute is not registered.' }
        } | Out-Null
        if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
            $positivePassed = $false
            $positiveActual += "; serviceProbeExit=$LASTEXITCODE"
        } else {
            $positiveActual += '; serviceProbe=pass (output not persisted)'
        }
    } catch {
        $positivePassed = $false
        $positiveActual += "; serviceProbeError=$($_.Exception.GetType().Name)"
    }
    Add-ValidationCheck -Id 'lab11-cp01.positive' -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP01' -Kind 'positive' -Required ([bool]$checkpointState.required) -Passed $positivePassed -Command 'query each manifest-recorded object by exact ID and run the authored service probe' -Expected 'Checkpoint state is pass, recorded objects exist, and service state matches.' -Actual $positiveActual

    $unsafe = @($checkpointObjects | Where-Object { $_.ownership.method -eq 'manifest-id-and-tags' -and ($_.ownership.expectedTags.runId -ne $RunId) })

    # AUTHORED SERVICE ASSERTION: negative
    $negativeProbePassed = $true
    $negativeProbeActual = 'serviceProbe=pass (output not persisted)'
    try {
        $LASTEXITCODE = 0
        & {
$restrictions = az vm list-skus --location $Location --size Standard_B2s --all --query "[?name=='Standard_B2s'].restrictions[] | length(@)" --output tsv
if ($restrictions -and [int]$restrictions -gt 0) { throw 'Standard_B2s is restricted in this region.' }
$sku = az vm list-skus --location $Location --size Standard_B1s --all --query "[?name=='Standard_B1s'] | [0]" --output json | ConvertFrom-Json
$hostEncryption = @($sku.capabilities | Where-Object { $_.name -eq 'EncryptionAtHostSupported' -and $_.value -eq 'True' })
if ($hostEncryption.Count -ne 1) { throw 'Standard_B1s does not advertise encryption at host in this region.' }
        } | Out-Null
        if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
            $negativeProbePassed = $false
            $negativeProbeActual = "serviceProbeExit=$LASTEXITCODE"
        }
    } catch {
        $negativeProbePassed = $false
        $negativeProbeActual = "serviceProbeError=$($_.Exception.GetType().Name)"
    }
    $negativePassed = $unsafe.Count -eq 0 -and $negativeProbePassed
    $negativeActual = "unsafeObjects=$($unsafe.Count)" + "; $negativeProbeActual"
    Add-ValidationCheck -Id 'lab11-cp01.negative' -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP01' -Kind 'negative' -Required ([bool]$checkpointState.required) -Passed $negativePassed -Command 'run the authored denied-state probe and compare manifest ownership' -Expected 'The service boundary and ownership checks both pass.' -Actual $negativeActual
    }
} else {
    $active = [System.Collections.Generic.List[string]]::new()
    foreach ($managedObject in $checkpointObjects) {
        if ($managedObject.type -eq 'Microsoft.Management/managementGroups') {
            $null = az account management-group show --name $managedObject.name --output none 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { $active.Add([string]$managedObject.id) }
        } elseif ($managedObject.kind -eq 'azure-resource') {
            $null = az resource show --ids $managedObject.id --output none 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { $active.Add([string]$managedObject.id) }
        } elseif ($managedObject.kind -eq 'entra-object') {
            $null = az rest --method get --url "https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/directoryObjects/$($managedObject.id)" --output none 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { $active.Add([string]$managedObject.id) }
        }
    }
    Add-ValidationCheck -Id 'lab11-cp01.residual' -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP01' -Kind 'residual' -Required ([bool]$checkpointState.required) -Passed ($active.Count -eq 0) -Command 'query every recorded object by exact ID after cleanup' -Expected 'No active manifest-managed object remains.' -Actual "active=$($active -join ',')"
}
# CHECKPOINT LAB11-CP01 END

# CHECKPOINT LAB11-CP02 BEGIN
$checkpointState = @($state.checkpointStates | Where-Object { $_.checkpointId -eq 'LAB11-CP02' })[0]
$checkpointObjects = @($state.managedObjects | Where-Object { $_.checkpointId -eq 'LAB11-CP02' })

if ($Mode -eq 'Deployment') {
    if ($checkpointState.status -eq 'skipped') {
        Add-ValidationCheck -Id 'lab11-cp02.positive' -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP02' -Kind 'positive' -Required ([bool]$checkpointState.required) -Passed $true -Skipped $true -Command 'optional gate evaluation' -Expected 'The optional checkpoint is explicitly skipped when its documented input is absent.' -Actual 'optional gate absent'
        Add-ValidationCheck -Id 'lab11-cp02.negative' -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP02' -Kind 'negative' -Required ([bool]$checkpointState.required) -Passed $true -Skipped $true -Command 'optional gate evaluation' -Expected 'No mutation occurs for a skipped optional checkpoint.' -Actual 'optional gate absent'
    } else {
    $positivePassed = $checkpointState.status -eq 'pass'
    $positiveActual = "checkpoint=$($checkpointState.status); managedObjects=$($checkpointObjects.Count)"
    foreach ($managedObject in $checkpointObjects) {
        if ($managedObject.type -eq 'Microsoft.Management/managementGroups') {
            $null = az account management-group show --name $managedObject.name --output none 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { $positivePassed = $false; $positiveActual += "; missing=$($managedObject.id)" }
        } elseif ($managedObject.kind -eq 'azure-resource') {
            $null = az resource show --ids $managedObject.id --output none 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { $positivePassed = $false; $positiveActual += "; missing=$($managedObject.id)" }
        } elseif ($managedObject.kind -eq 'entra-object') {
            $null = az rest --method get --url "https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/directoryObjects/$($managedObject.id)" --output none 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { $positivePassed = $false; $positiveActual += "; missing=$($managedObject.id)" }
        }
    }

    # AUTHORED SERVICE ASSERTION: positive
    try {
        $LASTEXITCODE = 0
        & {
$power = az vm show --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $vm --show-details --query powerState --output tsv
if ($power -notmatch 'running') { throw "VM power state is $power." }
        } | Out-Null
        if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
            $positivePassed = $false
            $positiveActual += "; serviceProbeExit=$LASTEXITCODE"
        } else {
            $positiveActual += '; serviceProbe=pass (output not persisted)'
        }
    } catch {
        $positivePassed = $false
        $positiveActual += "; serviceProbeError=$($_.Exception.GetType().Name)"
    }
    Add-ValidationCheck -Id 'lab11-cp02.positive' -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP02' -Kind 'positive' -Required ([bool]$checkpointState.required) -Passed $positivePassed -Command 'query each manifest-recorded object by exact ID and run the authored service probe' -Expected 'Checkpoint state is pass, recorded objects exist, and service state matches.' -Actual $positiveActual

    $unsafe = @($checkpointObjects | Where-Object { $_.ownership.method -eq 'manifest-id-and-tags' -and ($_.ownership.expectedTags.runId -ne $RunId) })

    # AUTHORED SERVICE ASSERTION: negative
    $negativeProbePassed = $true
    $negativeProbeActual = 'serviceProbe=pass (output not persisted)'
    try {
        $LASTEXITCODE = 0
        & {
$publicIp = az vm show --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $vm --show-details --query publicIps --output tsv
if ($publicIp) { throw 'The VM unexpectedly has a public IP address.' }
        } | Out-Null
        if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
            $negativeProbePassed = $false
            $negativeProbeActual = "serviceProbeExit=$LASTEXITCODE"
        }
    } catch {
        $negativeProbePassed = $false
        $negativeProbeActual = "serviceProbeError=$($_.Exception.GetType().Name)"
    }
    $negativePassed = $unsafe.Count -eq 0 -and $negativeProbePassed
    $negativeActual = "unsafeObjects=$($unsafe.Count)" + "; $negativeProbeActual"
    Add-ValidationCheck -Id 'lab11-cp02.negative' -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP02' -Kind 'negative' -Required ([bool]$checkpointState.required) -Passed $negativePassed -Command 'run the authored denied-state probe and compare manifest ownership' -Expected 'The service boundary and ownership checks both pass.' -Actual $negativeActual
    }
} else {
    $active = [System.Collections.Generic.List[string]]::new()
    foreach ($managedObject in $checkpointObjects) {
        if ($managedObject.type -eq 'Microsoft.Management/managementGroups') {
            $null = az account management-group show --name $managedObject.name --output none 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { $active.Add([string]$managedObject.id) }
        } elseif ($managedObject.kind -eq 'azure-resource') {
            $null = az resource show --ids $managedObject.id --output none 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { $active.Add([string]$managedObject.id) }
        } elseif ($managedObject.kind -eq 'entra-object') {
            $null = az rest --method get --url "https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/directoryObjects/$($managedObject.id)" --output none 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { $active.Add([string]$managedObject.id) }
        }
    }
    Add-ValidationCheck -Id 'lab11-cp02.residual' -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP02' -Kind 'residual' -Required ([bool]$checkpointState.required) -Passed ($active.Count -eq 0) -Command 'query every recorded object by exact ID after cleanup' -Expected 'No active manifest-managed object remains.' -Actual "active=$($active -join ',')"
}
# CHECKPOINT LAB11-CP02 END

# CHECKPOINT LAB11-CP03 BEGIN
$checkpointState = @($state.checkpointStates | Where-Object { $_.checkpointId -eq 'LAB11-CP03' })[0]
$checkpointObjects = @($state.managedObjects | Where-Object { $_.checkpointId -eq 'LAB11-CP03' })

if ($Mode -eq 'Deployment') {
    if ($checkpointState.status -eq 'skipped') {
        Add-ValidationCheck -Id 'lab11-cp03.positive' -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP03' -Kind 'positive' -Required ([bool]$checkpointState.required) -Passed $true -Skipped $true -Command 'optional gate evaluation' -Expected 'The optional checkpoint is explicitly skipped when its documented input is absent.' -Actual 'optional gate absent'
        Add-ValidationCheck -Id 'lab11-cp03.negative' -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP03' -Kind 'negative' -Required ([bool]$checkpointState.required) -Passed $true -Skipped $true -Command 'optional gate evaluation' -Expected 'No mutation occurs for a skipped optional checkpoint.' -Actual 'optional gate absent'
    } else {
    $positivePassed = $checkpointState.status -eq 'pass'
    $positiveActual = "checkpoint=$($checkpointState.status); managedObjects=$($checkpointObjects.Count)"
    foreach ($managedObject in $checkpointObjects) {
        if ($managedObject.type -eq 'Microsoft.Management/managementGroups') {
            $null = az account management-group show --name $managedObject.name --output none 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { $positivePassed = $false; $positiveActual += "; missing=$($managedObject.id)" }
        } elseif ($managedObject.kind -eq 'azure-resource') {
            $null = az resource show --ids $managedObject.id --output none 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { $positivePassed = $false; $positiveActual += "; missing=$($managedObject.id)" }
        } elseif ($managedObject.kind -eq 'entra-object') {
            $null = az rest --method get --url "https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/directoryObjects/$($managedObject.id)" --output none 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { $positivePassed = $false; $positiveActual += "; missing=$($managedObject.id)" }
        }
    }

    # AUTHORED SERVICE ASSERTION: positive
    try {
        $LASTEXITCODE = 0
        & {
$size = az vm show --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $vm --query hardwareProfile.vmSize --output tsv
if ($size -ne 'Standard_B2s') { throw "VM size is $size." }
        } | Out-Null
        if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
            $positivePassed = $false
            $positiveActual += "; serviceProbeExit=$LASTEXITCODE"
        } else {
            $positiveActual += '; serviceProbe=pass (output not persisted)'
        }
    } catch {
        $positivePassed = $false
        $positiveActual += "; serviceProbeError=$($_.Exception.GetType().Name)"
    }
    Add-ValidationCheck -Id 'lab11-cp03.positive' -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP03' -Kind 'positive' -Required ([bool]$checkpointState.required) -Passed $positivePassed -Command 'query each manifest-recorded object by exact ID and run the authored service probe' -Expected 'Checkpoint state is pass, recorded objects exist, and service state matches.' -Actual $positiveActual

    $unsafe = @($checkpointObjects | Where-Object { $_.ownership.method -eq 'manifest-id-and-tags' -and ($_.ownership.expectedTags.runId -ne $RunId) })

    # AUTHORED SERVICE ASSERTION: negative
    $negativeProbePassed = $true
    $negativeProbeActual = 'serviceProbe=pass (output not persisted)'
    try {
        $LASTEXITCODE = 0
        & {
$missing = az vm disk list --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --vm-name $vm --query "[?name=='$disk'] | length(@)" --output tsv
if ([int]$missing -ne 1) { throw 'The managed data disk is not attached exactly once.' }
        } | Out-Null
        if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
            $negativeProbePassed = $false
            $negativeProbeActual = "serviceProbeExit=$LASTEXITCODE"
        }
    } catch {
        $negativeProbePassed = $false
        $negativeProbeActual = "serviceProbeError=$($_.Exception.GetType().Name)"
    }
    $negativePassed = $unsafe.Count -eq 0 -and $negativeProbePassed
    $negativeActual = "unsafeObjects=$($unsafe.Count)" + "; $negativeProbeActual"
    Add-ValidationCheck -Id 'lab11-cp03.negative' -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP03' -Kind 'negative' -Required ([bool]$checkpointState.required) -Passed $negativePassed -Command 'run the authored denied-state probe and compare manifest ownership' -Expected 'The service boundary and ownership checks both pass.' -Actual $negativeActual
    }
} else {
    $active = [System.Collections.Generic.List[string]]::new()
    foreach ($managedObject in $checkpointObjects) {
        if ($managedObject.type -eq 'Microsoft.Management/managementGroups') {
            $null = az account management-group show --name $managedObject.name --output none 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { $active.Add([string]$managedObject.id) }
        } elseif ($managedObject.kind -eq 'azure-resource') {
            $null = az resource show --ids $managedObject.id --output none 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { $active.Add([string]$managedObject.id) }
        } elseif ($managedObject.kind -eq 'entra-object') {
            $null = az rest --method get --url "https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/directoryObjects/$($managedObject.id)" --output none 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { $active.Add([string]$managedObject.id) }
        }
    }
    Add-ValidationCheck -Id 'lab11-cp03.residual' -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP03' -Kind 'residual' -Required ([bool]$checkpointState.required) -Passed ($active.Count -eq 0) -Command 'query every recorded object by exact ID after cleanup' -Expected 'No active manifest-managed object remains.' -Actual "active=$($active -join ',')"
}
# CHECKPOINT LAB11-CP03 END

# CHECKPOINT LAB11-CP04 BEGIN
$checkpointState = @($state.checkpointStates | Where-Object { $_.checkpointId -eq 'LAB11-CP04' })[0]
$checkpointObjects = @($state.managedObjects | Where-Object { $_.checkpointId -eq 'LAB11-CP04' })

if ($Mode -eq 'Deployment') {
    if ($checkpointState.status -eq 'skipped') {
        Add-ValidationCheck -Id 'lab11-cp04.positive' -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP04' -Kind 'positive' -Required ([bool]$checkpointState.required) -Passed $true -Skipped $true -Command 'optional gate evaluation' -Expected 'The optional checkpoint is explicitly skipped when its documented input is absent.' -Actual 'optional gate absent'
        Add-ValidationCheck -Id 'lab11-cp04.negative' -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP04' -Kind 'negative' -Required ([bool]$checkpointState.required) -Passed $true -Skipped $true -Command 'optional gate evaluation' -Expected 'No mutation occurs for a skipped optional checkpoint.' -Actual 'optional gate absent'
    } else {
    $positivePassed = $checkpointState.status -eq 'pass'
    $positiveActual = "checkpoint=$($checkpointState.status); managedObjects=$($checkpointObjects.Count)"
    foreach ($managedObject in $checkpointObjects) {
        if ($managedObject.type -eq 'Microsoft.Management/managementGroups') {
            $null = az account management-group show --name $managedObject.name --output none 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { $positivePassed = $false; $positiveActual += "; missing=$($managedObject.id)" }
        } elseif ($managedObject.kind -eq 'azure-resource') {
            $null = az resource show --ids $managedObject.id --output none 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { $positivePassed = $false; $positiveActual += "; missing=$($managedObject.id)" }
        } elseif ($managedObject.kind -eq 'entra-object') {
            $null = az rest --method get --url "https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/directoryObjects/$($managedObject.id)" --output none 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { $positivePassed = $false; $positiveActual += "; missing=$($managedObject.id)" }
        }
    }

    # AUTHORED SERVICE ASSERTION: positive
    try {
        $LASTEXITCODE = 0
        & {
$encryptionAtHost = az vm show --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $vm --query securityProfile.encryptionAtHost --output tsv
if ($encryptionAtHost -ne 'true') { throw 'VM encryption at host is not enabled.' }
        } | Out-Null
        if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
            $positivePassed = $false
            $positiveActual += "; serviceProbeExit=$LASTEXITCODE"
        } else {
            $positiveActual += '; serviceProbe=pass (output not persisted)'
        }
    } catch {
        $positivePassed = $false
        $positiveActual += "; serviceProbeError=$($_.Exception.GetType().Name)"
    }
    Add-ValidationCheck -Id 'lab11-cp04.positive' -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP04' -Kind 'positive' -Required ([bool]$checkpointState.required) -Passed $positivePassed -Command 'query each manifest-recorded object by exact ID and run the authored service probe' -Expected 'Checkpoint state is pass, recorded objects exist, and service state matches.' -Actual $positiveActual

    $unsafe = @($checkpointObjects | Where-Object { $_.ownership.method -eq 'manifest-id-and-tags' -and ($_.ownership.expectedTags.runId -ne $RunId) })

    # AUTHORED SERVICE ASSERTION: negative
    $negativeProbePassed = $true
    $negativeProbeActual = 'serviceProbe=pass (output not persisted)'
    try {
        $LASTEXITCODE = 0
        & {
$encryptionType = az disk show --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $disk --query encryption.type --output tsv
if ($encryptionType -notin @('EncryptionAtRestWithPlatformKey','EncryptionAtRestWithCustomerKey')) { throw "Unexpected disk encryption type: $encryptionType" }
$unattached = az disk list --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --query "[?name=='$disk' && managedBy==null] | length(@)" --output tsv
if ([int]$unattached -ne 0) { throw 'The data disk is detached.' }
        } | Out-Null
        if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
            $negativeProbePassed = $false
            $negativeProbeActual = "serviceProbeExit=$LASTEXITCODE"
        }
    } catch {
        $negativeProbePassed = $false
        $negativeProbeActual = "serviceProbeError=$($_.Exception.GetType().Name)"
    }
    $negativePassed = $unsafe.Count -eq 0 -and $negativeProbePassed
    $negativeActual = "unsafeObjects=$($unsafe.Count)" + "; $negativeProbeActual"
    Add-ValidationCheck -Id 'lab11-cp04.negative' -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP04' -Kind 'negative' -Required ([bool]$checkpointState.required) -Passed $negativePassed -Command 'run the authored denied-state probe and compare manifest ownership' -Expected 'The service boundary and ownership checks both pass.' -Actual $negativeActual
    }
} else {
    $active = [System.Collections.Generic.List[string]]::new()
    foreach ($managedObject in $checkpointObjects) {
        if ($managedObject.type -eq 'Microsoft.Management/managementGroups') {
            $null = az account management-group show --name $managedObject.name --output none 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { $active.Add([string]$managedObject.id) }
        } elseif ($managedObject.kind -eq 'azure-resource') {
            $null = az resource show --ids $managedObject.id --output none 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { $active.Add([string]$managedObject.id) }
        } elseif ($managedObject.kind -eq 'entra-object') {
            $null = az rest --method get --url "https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/directoryObjects/$($managedObject.id)" --output none 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { $active.Add([string]$managedObject.id) }
        }
    }
    Add-ValidationCheck -Id 'lab11-cp04.residual' -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP04' -Kind 'residual' -Required ([bool]$checkpointState.required) -Passed ($active.Count -eq 0) -Command 'query every recorded object by exact ID after cleanup' -Expected 'No active manifest-managed object remains.' -Actual "active=$($active -join ',')"
}
# CHECKPOINT LAB11-CP04 END

# CHECKPOINT LAB11-CP05 BEGIN
$checkpointState = @($state.checkpointStates | Where-Object { $_.checkpointId -eq 'LAB11-CP05' })[0]
$checkpointObjects = @($state.managedObjects | Where-Object { $_.checkpointId -eq 'LAB11-CP05' })

if ($Mode -eq 'Deployment') {
    if ($checkpointState.status -eq 'skipped') {
        Add-ValidationCheck -Id 'lab11-cp05.positive' -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP05' -Kind 'positive' -Required ([bool]$checkpointState.required) -Passed $true -Skipped $true -Command 'optional gate evaluation' -Expected 'The optional checkpoint is explicitly skipped when its documented input is absent.' -Actual 'optional gate absent'
        Add-ValidationCheck -Id 'lab11-cp05.negative' -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP05' -Kind 'negative' -Required ([bool]$checkpointState.required) -Passed $true -Skipped $true -Command 'optional gate evaluation' -Expected 'No mutation occurs for a skipped optional checkpoint.' -Actual 'optional gate absent'
    } else {
    $positivePassed = $checkpointState.status -eq 'pass'
    $positiveActual = "checkpoint=$($checkpointState.status); managedObjects=$($checkpointObjects.Count)"
    foreach ($managedObject in $checkpointObjects) {
        if ($managedObject.type -eq 'Microsoft.Management/managementGroups') {
            $null = az account management-group show --name $managedObject.name --output none 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { $positivePassed = $false; $positiveActual += "; missing=$($managedObject.id)" }
        } elseif ($managedObject.kind -eq 'azure-resource') {
            $null = az resource show --ids $managedObject.id --output none 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { $positivePassed = $false; $positiveActual += "; missing=$($managedObject.id)" }
        } elseif ($managedObject.kind -eq 'entra-object') {
            $null = az rest --method get --url "https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/directoryObjects/$($managedObject.id)" --output none 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { $positivePassed = $false; $positiveActual += "; missing=$($managedObject.id)" }
        }
    }

    # AUTHORED SERVICE ASSERTION: positive
    try {
        $LASTEXITCODE = 0
        & {
$diskCount = az vm show --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --name $vm --query "storageProfile.dataDisks[?name=='$disk'] | length(@)" --output tsv
if ([int]$diskCount -ne 1) { throw "Expected one attached data disk; found $diskCount." }
        } | Out-Null
        if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
            $positivePassed = $false
            $positiveActual += "; serviceProbeExit=$LASTEXITCODE"
        } else {
            $positiveActual += '; serviceProbe=pass (output not persisted)'
        }
    } catch {
        $positivePassed = $false
        $positiveActual += "; serviceProbeError=$($_.Exception.GetType().Name)"
    }
    Add-ValidationCheck -Id 'lab11-cp05.positive' -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP05' -Kind 'positive' -Required ([bool]$checkpointState.required) -Passed $positivePassed -Command 'query each manifest-recorded object by exact ID and run the authored service probe' -Expected 'Checkpoint state is pass, recorded objects exist, and service state matches.' -Actual $positiveActual

    $unsafe = @($checkpointObjects | Where-Object { $_.ownership.method -eq 'manifest-id-and-tags' -and ($_.ownership.expectedTags.runId -ne $RunId) })

    # AUTHORED SERVICE ASSERTION: negative
    $negativeProbePassed = $true
    $negativeProbeActual = 'serviceProbe=pass (output not persisted)'
    try {
        $LASTEXITCODE = 0
        & {
$failed = az resource list --resource-group $ResourceGroupName --query "[?properties.provisioningState=='Failed'] | length(@)" --output tsv
if ([int]$failed -ne 0) { throw 'A VM dependency is in Failed provisioning state.' }
        } | Out-Null
        if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
            $negativeProbePassed = $false
            $negativeProbeActual = "serviceProbeExit=$LASTEXITCODE"
        }
    } catch {
        $negativeProbePassed = $false
        $negativeProbeActual = "serviceProbeError=$($_.Exception.GetType().Name)"
    }
    $negativePassed = $unsafe.Count -eq 0 -and $negativeProbePassed
    $negativeActual = "unsafeObjects=$($unsafe.Count)" + "; $negativeProbeActual"
    Add-ValidationCheck -Id 'lab11-cp05.negative' -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP05' -Kind 'negative' -Required ([bool]$checkpointState.required) -Passed $negativePassed -Command 'run the authored denied-state probe and compare manifest ownership' -Expected 'The service boundary and ownership checks both pass.' -Actual $negativeActual
    }
} else {
    $active = [System.Collections.Generic.List[string]]::new()
    foreach ($managedObject in $checkpointObjects) {
        if ($managedObject.type -eq 'Microsoft.Management/managementGroups') {
            $null = az account management-group show --name $managedObject.name --output none 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { $active.Add([string]$managedObject.id) }
        } elseif ($managedObject.kind -eq 'azure-resource') {
            $null = az resource show --ids $managedObject.id --output none 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { $active.Add([string]$managedObject.id) }
        } elseif ($managedObject.kind -eq 'entra-object') {
            $null = az rest --method get --url "https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/directoryObjects/$($managedObject.id)" --output none 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { $active.Add([string]$managedObject.id) }
        }
    }
    Add-ValidationCheck -Id 'lab11-cp05.residual' -CheckpointId 'LAB11-CP05' -Kind 'residual' -Required ([bool]$checkpointState.required) -Passed ($active.Count -eq 0) -Command 'query every recorded object by exact ID after cleanup' -Expected 'No active manifest-managed object remains.' -Actual "active=$($active -join ',')"
}
# CHECKPOINT LAB11-CP05 END

$requiredChecks = @($checks | Where-Object { $_.required })
$failedChecks = @($checks | Where-Object { $_.status -eq 'fail' })
$requiredSkippedChecks = @($checks | Where-Object { $_.required -and $_.status -eq 'skipped' })
$skippedChecks = @($checks | Where-Object { $_.status -eq 'skipped' })
$result = if ($failedChecks.Count -gt 0 -or $requiredSkippedChecks.Count -gt 0) { 'fail' } elseif ($skippedChecks.Count -gt 0) { 'partial' } else { 'pass' }
$document = @{
    schemaVersion = '1.0.0'
    labId = 'LAB-11'
    runId = $RunId
    mode = $Mode
    generatedAt = (Get-Date).ToUniversalTime().ToString('o')
    result = $result
    summary = @{
        required = $requiredChecks.Count
        passed = @($checks | Where-Object { $_.status -eq 'pass' }).Count
        failed = $failedChecks.Count
        skipped = $skippedChecks.Count
    }
    checks = @($checks)
}
$document | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 30 | Set-Content -LiteralPath $ValidationPath -Encoding utf8
Write-Host "Validation $Mode result: $result"
Write-Host "Artifact: $ValidationPath"
if ($result -eq 'fail') { exit 1 }
# END GENERATED AZ104 V2

`Cleanup.ps1`¶

# BEGIN GENERATED AZ104 V2
#requires -Version 7.4
[CmdletBinding()]
[Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessageAttribute('PSAvoidUsingWriteHost', '', Justification = 'Interactive lab progress is intentionally written to the host.')]
[Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessageAttribute('PSReviewUnusedParameter', '', Justification = 'All lifecycle scripts expose a stable cross-lab interface.')]
[Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessageAttribute('PSUseDeclaredVarsMoreThanAssignments', '', Justification = 'Generated task variables are intentionally shared across checkpoint blocks.')]
param(
    [string]$SubscriptionId = $env:AZ104_SUBSCRIPTION_ID,
    [Parameter(Mandatory)][ValidatePattern('^[a-z0-9](?:[a-z0-9-]{0,30}[a-z0-9])?$')][string]$RunId,
    [switch]$Execute
)

Set-StrictMode -Version Latest
$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
$PSNativeCommandUseErrorActionPreference = $true

if (-not (Get-Command az -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {
    throw 'Azure CLI is required. Run the repository readiness initializer, then retry.'
}

$LabRoot = (Resolve-Path (Join-Path $PSScriptRoot '../..')).Path
$StateDir = Join-Path $LabRoot ".state/$RunId"
$Manifest = Join-Path $StateDir 'run.json'
$CleanupPath = Join-Path $StateDir 'cleanup.json'
if (-not (Test-Path -LiteralPath $Manifest)) { throw "Run manifest not found: $Manifest" }
$state = Get-Content -LiteralPath $Manifest -Raw | ConvertFrom-Json -AsHashtable
$active = @($state.managedObjects | Where-Object { $_.lifecycleStatus -eq 'active' })
function Write-CleanupRefusal {
    param([string]$Message)
    $refusalActions = @($active | ForEach-Object {
        @{ checkpointId = [string]$_.checkpointId; targetId = [string]$_.id; targetType = [string]$_.type; ownership = @{ method = [string]$_.ownership.method; verified = $false }; status = 'failed'; message = $Message }
    })
    $refusal = @{
        schemaVersion = '1.0.0'; labId = 'LAB-11'; runId = $RunId
        generatedAt = (Get-Date).ToUniversalTime().ToString('o')
        executionMode = $(if ($Execute) { 'execute' } else { 'preview' })
        result = $(if ($Execute) { 'fail' } else { 'preview' })
        ownershipVerified = $false; actions = $refusalActions
        residualChecks = @(@{ id = 'ownership.refusal'; command = 'compare manifest, active context, exact IDs, and ownership proof'; expected = 'all ownership checks pass before mutation'; actual = $Message; status = $(if ($Execute) { 'fail' } else { 'skipped' }) })
        activeManagedObjects = @($active | ForEach-Object id); retainedItems = @()
    }
    $refusal | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 30 | Set-Content -LiteralPath $CleanupPath -Encoding utf8
    throw $Message
}
if ($state.labId -ne 'LAB-11' -or $state.runId -ne $RunId) {
    Write-CleanupRefusal -Message 'Cleanup ownership refusal: manifest lab ID or run ID does not match.'
}
if ($Execute -and $active.Count -eq 0 -and $state.status -eq 'cleaned') {
    $priorRetained = @()
    if (Test-Path -LiteralPath $CleanupPath) {
        try { $priorRetained = @((Get-Content -LiteralPath $CleanupPath -Raw | ConvertFrom-Json).retainedItems) } catch { $priorRetained = @() }
    }
    $idempotent = @{
        schemaVersion = '1.0.0'; labId = 'LAB-11'; runId = $RunId
        generatedAt = (Get-Date).ToUniversalTime().ToString('o'); executionMode = 'execute'; result = 'pass'
        ownershipVerified = $true; actions = @(); activeManagedObjects = @(); retainedItems = $priorRetained
        residualChecks = @(@{ id = 'cleanup.idempotent'; command = 'read run.json active managed-object inventory'; expected = 'zero active manifest-managed objects'; actual = 'active=0; prior cleanup already completed'; status = 'pass' })
    }
    $idempotent | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 30 | Set-Content -LiteralPath $CleanupPath -Encoding utf8
    Write-Host 'Cleanup result: pass (already cleaned)'
    Write-Host "Artifact: $CleanupPath"
    return
}
try {
    $account = az account show --output json | ConvertFrom-Json
} catch {
    Write-CleanupRefusal -Message 'Cleanup ownership refusal: active Azure context could not be read.'
}
if ([string]$account.tenantId -ne [string]$state.context.tenantId -or [string]$account.id -ne [string]$state.context.subscriptionId) {
    Write-CleanupRefusal -Message 'Cleanup ownership refusal: active context does not match the manifest.'
}
$SubscriptionId = [string]$state.context.subscriptionId
$Location = [string]$state.inputs['location']
$SecondaryLocation = [string]$state.inputs['secondary-location']
$ResourceGroupName = $(if ('11' -in @('00', '01', '02')) { $null } else { "rg-az104-l11-$RunId" })
$suffix = (($RunId -replace '[^a-z0-9]', '') + '000000000000').Substring(0, 12)


$ownershipVerified = $true
$verifiedOwnershipById = @{}
$absentIds = [System.Collections.Generic.HashSet[string]]::new([System.StringComparer]::OrdinalIgnoreCase)
$verifiedResourceGroupIds = [System.Collections.Generic.List[string]]::new()
$resourceGroupObjects = @($active | Where-Object { $_.type -eq 'Microsoft.Resources/resourceGroups' })
$resourceGroupObject = $resourceGroupObjects | Select-Object -First 1
$nativeProbePreference = $PSNativeCommandUseErrorActionPreference
$PSNativeCommandUseErrorActionPreference = $false

# A manifest entry is necessary but is not, by itself, proof of ownership. Verify
# each manifest-id-and-tags boundary against the live Azure tags before mutation.
foreach ($groupObject in $resourceGroupObjects) {
    $groupVerified = $false
    try {
        $tagJson = az group show --ids $groupObject.id --query tags --output json 2>$null
        if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0 -and $tagJson) {
            $tags = $tagJson | ConvertFrom-Json -AsHashtable
            $expectedTags = $groupObject.ownership.expectedTags
            $groupVerified =
                $groupObject.ownership.method -eq 'manifest-id-and-tags' -and
                [string]$tags['purpose'] -eq [string]$expectedTags['purpose'] -and
                [string]$tags['labId'] -eq [string]$expectedTags['labId'] -and
                [string]$tags['runId'] -eq [string]$expectedTags['runId'] -and
                [string]$tags['purpose'] -eq 'az104-lab' -and
                [string]$tags['labId'] -eq '11' -and
                [string]$tags['runId'] -eq $RunId
        } else {
            $groupExists = az group exists --subscription $state.context.subscriptionId --name $groupObject.name --output tsv 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0 -and $groupExists -eq 'false') {
                $null = $absentIds.Add([string]$groupObject.id)
                $groupVerified = $true
            }
        }
    } catch {
        $groupVerified = $false
    }
    $verifiedOwnershipById[[string]$groupObject.id] = $groupVerified
    if ($groupVerified) { $verifiedResourceGroupIds.Add([string]$groupObject.id) }
    if (-not $groupVerified) { $ownershipVerified = $false }
}

foreach ($object in $active) {
    $objectId = [string]$object.id
    if ($verifiedOwnershipById.ContainsKey($objectId)) { continue }
    $method = [string]$object.ownership.method
    $objectVerified = $false

    $absentGroupBoundary = @($resourceGroupObjects | Where-Object {
        $absentIds.Contains([string]$_.id) -and $objectId.StartsWith("$($_.id)/", [System.StringComparison]::OrdinalIgnoreCase)
    }).Count -gt 0
    if ($absentGroupBoundary) {
        $null = $absentIds.Add($objectId)
        $verifiedOwnershipById[$objectId] = $true
        continue
    }

    if ($method -eq 'manifest-id-and-tags' -and $object.kind -eq 'azure-resource') {
        $expectedTags = $object.ownership.expectedTags
        $manifestTagsMatch =
            [string]$expectedTags['purpose'] -eq 'az104-lab' -and
            [string]$expectedTags['labId'] -eq '11' -and
            [string]$expectedTags['runId'] -eq $RunId
        $verifiedByGroupBoundary = @($verifiedResourceGroupIds | Where-Object {
            $objectId.StartsWith("$_/", [System.StringComparison]::OrdinalIgnoreCase)
        }).Count -gt 0
        $verifiedByOwnTags = $false
        try {
            $tagJson = az resource show --ids $objectId --query tags --output json 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0 -and $tagJson) {
                $tags = $tagJson | ConvertFrom-Json -AsHashtable
                $verifiedByOwnTags =
                    [string]$tags['purpose'] -eq [string]$expectedTags['purpose'] -and
                    [string]$tags['labId'] -eq [string]$expectedTags['labId'] -and
                    [string]$tags['runId'] -eq [string]$expectedTags['runId']
            } elseif ($verifiedByGroupBoundary) {
                $parentGroupObject = $resourceGroupObjects | Where-Object { $objectId.StartsWith("$($_.id)/", [System.StringComparison]::OrdinalIgnoreCase) } | Select-Object -First 1
                $exactCount = az resource list --resource-group $parentGroupObject.name --query "[?id=='$objectId'] | length(@)" --output tsv 2>$null
                if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0 -and [int]$exactCount -eq 0) {
                    $null = $absentIds.Add($objectId)
                    $verifiedByOwnTags = $true
                }
            }
        } catch {
            $verifiedByOwnTags = $false
        }
        $objectVerified = $manifestTagsMatch -and ($verifiedByOwnTags -or $verifiedByGroupBoundary)
    } elseif ($method -eq 'manifest-id' -and $object.kind -eq 'azure-resource' -and $object.type -eq 'Microsoft.Management/managementGroups') {
        try {
            $managementGroupJson = az account management-group show --name $object.name --expand --recurse --output json 2>&1
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) {
                $managementGroup = $managementGroupJson | ConvertFrom-Json
                $objectVerified = [string]$managementGroup.id -eq $objectId -and @($managementGroup.children).Count -eq 0
            } elseif ([string]$managementGroupJson -match '(?i)404|not.?found') {
                $null = $absentIds.Add($objectId)
                $objectVerified = $true
            }
        } catch {
            $objectVerified = $false
        }
    } elseif ($method -eq 'manifest-id' -and $object.kind -eq 'entra-object') {
        try {
            $graphResult = az rest --method get --url "https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/directoryObjects/$objectId" --output none 2>&1
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) {
                $objectVerified = $true
            } elseif ([string]$graphResult -match '(?i)404|Request_ResourceNotFound') {
                $null = $absentIds.Add($objectId)
                $objectVerified = $true
            }
        } catch {
            $objectVerified = $false
        }
    } elseif ($method -eq 'manifest-id' -and $object.kind -eq 'azure-resource') {
        try {
            $resourceResult = az resource show --ids $objectId --output none 2>&1
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) {
                $objectVerified = $true
            } elseif ([string]$resourceResult -match '(?i)404|ResourceNotFound|could not be found') {
                $null = $absentIds.Add($objectId)
                $objectVerified = $true
            }
        } catch {
            $objectVerified = $false
        }
    } elseif ($method -eq 'local-path') {
        try {
            $candidate = if ([System.IO.Path]::IsPathRooted($objectId)) { $objectId } else { Join-Path $LabRoot $objectId }
            $fullPath = [System.IO.Path]::GetFullPath($candidate)
            $statePrefix = [System.IO.Path]::GetFullPath($StateDir).TrimEnd([System.IO.Path]::DirectorySeparatorChar) + [System.IO.Path]::DirectorySeparatorChar
            $inStateBoundary = $fullPath.StartsWith($statePrefix, [System.StringComparison]::OrdinalIgnoreCase)
            $objectVerified = $inStateBoundary
            if ($inStateBoundary -and -not (Test-Path -LiteralPath $fullPath)) { $null = $absentIds.Add($objectId) }
        } catch {
            $objectVerified = $false
        }
    }

    $verifiedOwnershipById[$objectId] = $objectVerified
    if (-not $objectVerified) { $ownershipVerified = $false }
}
$PSNativeCommandUseErrorActionPreference = $nativeProbePreference

if (-not $ownershipVerified) {
    $failedOwnershipIds = @($active | Where-Object { -not $verifiedOwnershipById[[string]$_.id] } | ForEach-Object id)
    Write-CleanupRefusal -Message "Cleanup ownership refusal: live ID and ownership proof failed for $($failedOwnershipIds -join ', ')."
}

$actions = [System.Collections.Generic.List[object]]::new()
$residualChecks = [System.Collections.Generic.List[object]]::new()
if (-not $Execute) {
    Write-Host 'Preview only. The exact manifest-owned targets below will not be changed.'
}

# CHECKPOINT LAB11-CP05 BEGIN
$targets = @($state.managedObjects | Where-Object { $_.checkpointId -eq 'LAB11-CP05' -and $_.lifecycleStatus -eq 'active' })
foreach ($target in $targets) {
    $alreadyAbsent = $absentIds.Contains([string]$target.id)
    $actions.Add(@{ checkpointId = 'LAB11-CP05'; targetId = [string]$target.id; targetType = [string]$target.type; ownership = @{ method = [string]$target.ownership.method; verified = [bool]$verifiedOwnershipById[[string]$target.id] }; status = $(if ($alreadyAbsent) { 'skipped' } else { 'preview' }); message = $(if ($alreadyAbsent) { 'The exact manifest ID was already absent; idempotent cleanup recorded the safe end state.' } elseif ($Execute) { 'Pending removal through the dependency-safe ownership boundary.' } else { 'Would remove this exact manifest-recorded target.' }) })
}
$state.updatedAt = (Get-Date).ToUniversalTime().ToString('o')
$state | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 30 | Set-Content -LiteralPath $Manifest -Encoding utf8
# CHECKPOINT LAB11-CP05 END

# CHECKPOINT LAB11-CP04 BEGIN
$targets = @($state.managedObjects | Where-Object { $_.checkpointId -eq 'LAB11-CP04' -and $_.lifecycleStatus -eq 'active' })
foreach ($target in $targets) {
    $alreadyAbsent = $absentIds.Contains([string]$target.id)
    $actions.Add(@{ checkpointId = 'LAB11-CP04'; targetId = [string]$target.id; targetType = [string]$target.type; ownership = @{ method = [string]$target.ownership.method; verified = [bool]$verifiedOwnershipById[[string]$target.id] }; status = $(if ($alreadyAbsent) { 'skipped' } else { 'preview' }); message = $(if ($alreadyAbsent) { 'The exact manifest ID was already absent; idempotent cleanup recorded the safe end state.' } elseif ($Execute) { 'Pending removal through the dependency-safe ownership boundary.' } else { 'Would remove this exact manifest-recorded target.' }) })
}
$state.updatedAt = (Get-Date).ToUniversalTime().ToString('o')
$state | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 30 | Set-Content -LiteralPath $Manifest -Encoding utf8
# CHECKPOINT LAB11-CP04 END

# CHECKPOINT LAB11-CP03 BEGIN
$targets = @($state.managedObjects | Where-Object { $_.checkpointId -eq 'LAB11-CP03' -and $_.lifecycleStatus -eq 'active' })
foreach ($target in $targets) {
    $alreadyAbsent = $absentIds.Contains([string]$target.id)
    $actions.Add(@{ checkpointId = 'LAB11-CP03'; targetId = [string]$target.id; targetType = [string]$target.type; ownership = @{ method = [string]$target.ownership.method; verified = [bool]$verifiedOwnershipById[[string]$target.id] }; status = $(if ($alreadyAbsent) { 'skipped' } else { 'preview' }); message = $(if ($alreadyAbsent) { 'The exact manifest ID was already absent; idempotent cleanup recorded the safe end state.' } elseif ($Execute) { 'Pending removal through the dependency-safe ownership boundary.' } else { 'Would remove this exact manifest-recorded target.' }) })
}
$state.updatedAt = (Get-Date).ToUniversalTime().ToString('o')
$state | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 30 | Set-Content -LiteralPath $Manifest -Encoding utf8
# CHECKPOINT LAB11-CP03 END

# CHECKPOINT LAB11-CP02 BEGIN
$targets = @($state.managedObjects | Where-Object { $_.checkpointId -eq 'LAB11-CP02' -and $_.lifecycleStatus -eq 'active' })
foreach ($target in $targets) {
    $alreadyAbsent = $absentIds.Contains([string]$target.id)
    $actions.Add(@{ checkpointId = 'LAB11-CP02'; targetId = [string]$target.id; targetType = [string]$target.type; ownership = @{ method = [string]$target.ownership.method; verified = [bool]$verifiedOwnershipById[[string]$target.id] }; status = $(if ($alreadyAbsent) { 'skipped' } else { 'preview' }); message = $(if ($alreadyAbsent) { 'The exact manifest ID was already absent; idempotent cleanup recorded the safe end state.' } elseif ($Execute) { 'Pending removal through the dependency-safe ownership boundary.' } else { 'Would remove this exact manifest-recorded target.' }) })
}
$state.updatedAt = (Get-Date).ToUniversalTime().ToString('o')
$state | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 30 | Set-Content -LiteralPath $Manifest -Encoding utf8
# CHECKPOINT LAB11-CP02 END

# CHECKPOINT LAB11-CP01 BEGIN
$targets = @($state.managedObjects | Where-Object { $_.checkpointId -eq 'LAB11-CP01' -and $_.lifecycleStatus -eq 'active' })
foreach ($target in $targets) {
    $alreadyAbsent = $absentIds.Contains([string]$target.id)
    $actions.Add(@{ checkpointId = 'LAB11-CP01'; targetId = [string]$target.id; targetType = [string]$target.type; ownership = @{ method = [string]$target.ownership.method; verified = [bool]$verifiedOwnershipById[[string]$target.id] }; status = $(if ($alreadyAbsent) { 'skipped' } else { 'preview' }); message = $(if ($alreadyAbsent) { 'The exact manifest ID was already absent; idempotent cleanup recorded the safe end state.' } elseif ($Execute) { 'Pending removal through the dependency-safe ownership boundary.' } else { 'Would remove this exact manifest-recorded target.' }) })
}
$state.updatedAt = (Get-Date).ToUniversalTime().ToString('o')
$state | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 30 | Set-Content -LiteralPath $Manifest -Encoding utf8
# CHECKPOINT LAB11-CP01 END

$cleanupFailure = $null
if ($Execute) {
    $PSNativeCommandUseErrorActionPreference = $true
    $state.status = 'cleanup-in-progress'
    $state.updatedAt = (Get-Date).ToUniversalTime().ToString('o')
    $state | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 30 | Set-Content -LiteralPath $Manifest -Encoding utf8

    try {
        # Restore shared or tenant-wide settings before removing the disposable
        # objects that were used to exercise them.
        foreach ($setting in @($state.originalSettings)) {
            if ($setting.targetId -eq 'authorizationPolicy' -and $setting.property -eq 'allowedToUseSSPR') {
                $restoreBody = @{ allowedToUseSSPR = [bool]$setting.value } | ConvertTo-Json -Compress
                az rest --method patch --url 'https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/policies/authorizationPolicy' --headers 'Content-Type=application/json' --body $restoreBody --output none
                $restored = az rest --method get --url 'https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/policies/authorizationPolicy?$select=allowedToUseSSPR' --query allowedToUseSSPR --output tsv
                if ([bool]::Parse([string]$restored) -ne [bool]$setting.value) {
                    throw 'Cleanup stopped because authorizationPolicy.allowedToUseSSPR was not restored.'
                }
            }
        }
        foreach ($object in @($active | Where-Object { $_.type -eq 'Microsoft.Management/managementGroups' -and -not $absentIds.Contains([string]$_.id) })) {
            az account management-group delete --name $object.name --output none
        }
        $hasLiveManagedTarget = @($active | Where-Object { -not $absentIds.Contains([string]$_.id) }).Count -gt 0
        if ($hasLiveManagedTarget) {

        }
        foreach ($groupToDelete in @($resourceGroupObjects | Where-Object { -not $absentIds.Contains([string]$_.id) })) {
            az group delete --ids $groupToDelete.id --yes
        }
        foreach ($object in @($active | Where-Object { $_.kind -eq 'entra-object' -and -not $absentIds.Contains([string]$_.id) })) {
            $collection = switch ([string]$object.type) {
                'Microsoft.Graph/user' { 'users' }
                'Microsoft.Graph/group' { 'groups' }
                default { 'directoryObjects' }
            }
            az rest --method delete --url "https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/$collection/$($object.id)" --output none 2>$null
        }
        foreach ($object in $state.managedObjects) {
            $object.lifecycleStatus = 'deleted'
        }
        foreach ($action in $actions) {
            if ($action.status -eq 'skipped') { continue }
            $action.status = 'deleted'
            $action.message = 'The exact manifest-recorded target was removed through its ownership boundary.'
        }
    } catch {
        $cleanupFailure = "Cleanup mutation failed: $($_.Exception.GetType().Name)"
        foreach ($action in $actions) {
            if ($action.status -eq 'preview') {
                $action.status = 'failed'
                $action.message = $cleanupFailure
            }
        }
    }
}

$PSNativeCommandUseErrorActionPreference = $false
$remaining = [System.Collections.Generic.List[string]]::new()
foreach ($object in $state.managedObjects) {
    if (-not $Execute -and $object.lifecycleStatus -eq 'active') { $remaining.Add([string]$object.id); continue }
    if ($Execute -and $object.type -eq 'Microsoft.Management/managementGroups') {
        $null = az account management-group show --name $object.name --output none 2>$null
        if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { $remaining.Add([string]$object.id) }
    } elseif ($Execute -and $object.type -eq 'Microsoft.Resources/resourceGroups') {
        $groupExists = az group exists --subscription $SubscriptionId --name $object.name --output tsv 2>$null
        if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0 -or $groupExists -ne 'false') { $remaining.Add([string]$object.id) }
    } elseif ($Execute -and $object.kind -eq 'azure-resource') {
        $null = az resource show --ids $object.id --output none 2>$null
        if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) {
            $remaining.Add([string]$object.id)
        } elseif ($object.type -eq 'Microsoft.RecoveryServices/vaults' -and $false) {
            $deletedVault = az backup deleted-vault get --location $Location --name $object.name --output json 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0 -and $deletedVault) {
                $object.lifecycleStatus = 'soft-deleted'
                foreach ($action in @($actions | Where-Object { [string]$_.targetId -eq [string]$object.id -and $_.status -ne 'skipped' })) {
                    $action.status = 'soft-deleted'
                    $action.message = 'The active ARM vault is absent and the exact recoverable deleted-vault record was confirmed; no purge was performed.'
                }
            } else {
                $remaining.Add([string]$object.id)
            }
        }
    } elseif ($Execute -and $object.kind -eq 'entra-object') {
        $null = az rest --method get --url "https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/directoryObjects/$($object.id)" --output none 2>$null
        if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { $remaining.Add([string]$object.id) }
    }
}
$residualChecks.Clear()
$checkpointRemaining = @($remaining | Where-Object { $_ -in @($state.managedObjects | Where-Object { $_.checkpointId -eq 'LAB11-CP01' } | ForEach-Object id) }); $residualChecks.Add(@{ id = 'cp01.residual'; command = 'query manifest-recorded IDs for LAB11-CP01'; expected = 'zero active objects for LAB11-CP01'; actual = "active=$($checkpointRemaining.Count)"; status = $(if ($Execute -and $checkpointRemaining.Count -eq 0) { 'pass' } elseif (-not $Execute) { 'skipped' } else { 'fail' }) })
$checkpointRemaining = @($remaining | Where-Object { $_ -in @($state.managedObjects | Where-Object { $_.checkpointId -eq 'LAB11-CP02' } | ForEach-Object id) }); $residualChecks.Add(@{ id = 'cp02.residual'; command = 'query manifest-recorded IDs for LAB11-CP02'; expected = 'zero active objects for LAB11-CP02'; actual = "active=$($checkpointRemaining.Count)"; status = $(if ($Execute -and $checkpointRemaining.Count -eq 0) { 'pass' } elseif (-not $Execute) { 'skipped' } else { 'fail' }) })
$checkpointRemaining = @($remaining | Where-Object { $_ -in @($state.managedObjects | Where-Object { $_.checkpointId -eq 'LAB11-CP03' } | ForEach-Object id) }); $residualChecks.Add(@{ id = 'cp03.residual'; command = 'query manifest-recorded IDs for LAB11-CP03'; expected = 'zero active objects for LAB11-CP03'; actual = "active=$($checkpointRemaining.Count)"; status = $(if ($Execute -and $checkpointRemaining.Count -eq 0) { 'pass' } elseif (-not $Execute) { 'skipped' } else { 'fail' }) })
$checkpointRemaining = @($remaining | Where-Object { $_ -in @($state.managedObjects | Where-Object { $_.checkpointId -eq 'LAB11-CP04' } | ForEach-Object id) }); $residualChecks.Add(@{ id = 'cp04.residual'; command = 'query manifest-recorded IDs for LAB11-CP04'; expected = 'zero active objects for LAB11-CP04'; actual = "active=$($checkpointRemaining.Count)"; status = $(if ($Execute -and $checkpointRemaining.Count -eq 0) { 'pass' } elseif (-not $Execute) { 'skipped' } else { 'fail' }) })
$checkpointRemaining = @($remaining | Where-Object { $_ -in @($state.managedObjects | Where-Object { $_.checkpointId -eq 'LAB11-CP05' } | ForEach-Object id) }); $residualChecks.Add(@{ id = 'cp05.residual'; command = 'query manifest-recorded IDs for LAB11-CP05'; expected = 'zero active objects for LAB11-CP05'; actual = "active=$($checkpointRemaining.Count)"; status = $(if ($Execute -and $checkpointRemaining.Count -eq 0) { 'pass' } elseif (-not $Execute) { 'skipped' } else { 'fail' }) })
if ($Execute -and $remaining.Count -gt 0) {
    foreach ($object in $state.managedObjects) {
        if ([string]$object.id -in @($remaining)) { $object.lifecycleStatus = 'active' }
    }
    foreach ($action in $actions) {
        if ([string]$action.targetId -in @($remaining) -and $action.status -ne 'skipped') {
            $action.status = 'failed'
            $action.message = 'Residual query found the target still active after cleanup.'
        }
    }
}
$result = if (-not $Execute) { 'preview' } elseif ($cleanupFailure -or $remaining.Count -gt 0) { 'fail' } else { 'pass' }
$cleanup = @{
    schemaVersion = '1.0.0'
    labId = 'LAB-11'
    runId = $RunId
    generatedAt = (Get-Date).ToUniversalTime().ToString('o')
    executionMode = $(if ($Execute) { 'execute' } else { 'preview' })
    result = $result
    ownershipVerified = $ownershipVerified
    actions = @($actions)
    residualChecks = @($residualChecks)
    activeManagedObjects = @($remaining)
    retainedItems = @(

    )
}
$cleanup | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 30 | Set-Content -LiteralPath $CleanupPath -Encoding utf8
if ($Execute) {
    if ($result -eq 'pass') { $state.status = 'cleaned' }
    $state.updatedAt = (Get-Date).ToUniversalTime().ToString('o')
    $state | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 30 | Set-Content -LiteralPath $Manifest -Encoding utf8
}
Write-Host "Cleanup result: $result"
Write-Host "Artifact: $CleanupPath"
Write-Host 'Irreversible purge is never automated; retained or soft-deleted items must be documented explicitly.'
if ($result -eq 'fail') { exit 1 }
# END GENERATED AZ104 V2

Previous: Lab 10 · Catalog · Next: Lab 12

Lab 11: Manage VM lifecycle, size, disks, and host encryption¶

Scenario, role, and outcome¶

Objectives and checkpoints¶

Architecture and service topology¶

Concept primer and design decisions¶

Required and optional inputs¶

Read-only preflight¶

Task 1 — Verify VM SKU and encryption-at-host capability¶

Task 2 — Create the private-NIC VM with encryption at host¶

Task 3 — Attach and verify the managed data disk¶

Task 4 — Resize the VM through a deallocated transition¶

Task 5 — Reconcile VM size, disks, host encryption, and private exposure¶

Final validation and result interpretation¶

Deterministic break/fix exercise¶

Optional job-style challenge¶

Troubleshooting¶

Cleanup and residual verification¶

Exam debrief and assessment¶

Microsoft Learn sources¶

Lifecycle script appendix¶

Preflight.ps1¶

Setup.ps1¶

Validate.ps1¶

Cleanup.ps1¶

`Preflight.ps1`¶

`Setup.ps1`¶

`Validate.ps1`¶

`Cleanup.ps1`¶